“…17,18 In photocatalytic technology, nano-scaled semiconductor materials have been widely used in recent years because of their low cost, easy synthesis, non-toxicity, and environmental friendliness. 19 Moreover, in the photocatalysis process, numerous essential aspects must be considered, including the band gap energy, effective surface area, light energy absorption characteristics, and optical properties of the photocatalytic materials 20 as well as the operation intensity, temperature, and pH of the photocatalytic degradation. 21 Semiconductor-based materials, such as ZnO, 23 NiO, 24 Fe 2 O 3 , 25 CuO, 26 CoFe 2 O 4 , 27 NiFe 2 O 4 , 28 and Cd-doped SiO 2 , 29 have been widely used in the photocatalytic degradation process.…”