Hydrothermal synthesis of one-dimensional zinc oxides with different precursors

Abstract

The influence of precursors on the morphology of ZnO is studied. The diameter and the aspect ratio of the ZnO nanorods, as well as the aggregate state, vary when different precursors are used. ZnO nanorods, nanotubes, nanoneedles, as well as aggregates of flower- and quasi-sphere-like nanorods are obtained. Besides the influence of precursors, acidity–basicity and reaction temperature are also studied. The precursors and products are characterized by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy.

Transparent Metal Oxide Nanowire Electronics

“…Therefore, to use nanowire semiconductors in microelectronics, it is essential to develop reproducible synthetic methods to enable production of high-quality samples. These synthetic methods include thermal evaporation/vapor transport [34], pulsed laser deposition [35], hydrothermal growth [36], metal-organic chemical vapor deposition [37] and molecular beam epitaxy [38]. The most common technique, due to low equipment and operation cost, is thermal evaporation/vapor transport [39].…”

2-Aminoethanol-mediated wet chemical synthesis of ZnO nanostructures

“…Instead, these ZnO nanopowders show the characteristics of both hexagonal wurtzite and cubic phases along with some impurities such as Zn(OH) 2 (Yang et al 2006;Rai and Yu 2012). It is due to the fact that as-synthesized ZnO nanopowders at low temperature are not treated thermally at higher temperature, thus they retain some functional hydroxyl groups on the surface.…”

Nanowire formation under femtosecond laser radiation in liquid

“…Some of the physical methods include the thermal evaporation and vapor transport approaches (Huang et al, 2001a;Pan et al, 2001), metal organic vapor-phase epitaxial growth (Park et al, 2002), molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) (Heo et al, 2002) and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) (Zhang et al, 2005), which are generally based on catalysed vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism (Wagner & Ellis, 1964). In addition, the simple and low-cost chemical aqueous solution processing with hydrothermal treatments have also been thoroughly studied (Le et al, 2005;Yang et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2002a;Zhang et al, 2002b;. However, all these processes require either high temperature, low pressure, complex procedures, extended growth period or the use of catalysts that could be embedded on the nanostructure tip, which are unfavourable conditions.…”

“…This process shows significantly that no catalyst is required to initiate growth and no surfactant is necessary for preferential nanorod growth direction. Nanorods were grown after hydrothermal treatments for 120 minutes, compared to previously reported aqueous-based methods requiring more than 10 hours (Yang et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2002b;. The precipitate observed in Fig.…”