The effects of operating conditions on the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of full-range low temperature coal tar (LCT) were investigated in a trickle-bed hydrogenation unit. The optimized process conditions analyzed by response surface methodology were found as: reaction temperature of 658.15 K, reaction pressure of 13.51 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of 0.30 h -1 , hydrogen to oil volume ratio of 1100 NL/L. The order of the importance on HDO was: LHSV [ temperature [ pressure. A new kinetic model for HDO of LCT has been also built based on the power law model. The estimation of model parameter was carried out by using Levenberg-Marquardt method. The results were validated by a series of further experiments. Comparisons between the experimental and predicted data showed good agreement. The relative error and absolute error from the combination kinetic model are both lower than 1.5 %.