Hydrous pyrolysis of Scenedesmus algae and algaenan-like residue

Obeid, Wassim; Salmon, Élodie; Lewan, Michael D.; Hatcher, Patrick G.

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2015.04.001

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This process is similar to other processes that uses hot water such as hydrothermal liquefaction, thermochemical conversion, and hydrothermal processing. [134][135][136][137] One of the most important advantages of this technique is that it can use a raw material with high moisture content without the need for pre-drying. The products of hydrous pyrolysis are oil, solid residue, and gases.…”

Section: 133mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential use of natural rubber to produce liquid fuels using hydrous pyrolysis – a review

2016

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Natural rubber is a tropical plantation crop that mainly consists of hydrocarbon polyisoprene (cis-1,4-polyisoprene). Rubber can be converted through depolymerization into liquid, which can be used as fuels or chemical feedstock. This paper provides information on natural rubber and its alternative sources worldwide. Although we focus on hydrous pyrolysis, we also introduced various depolymerization processes, including pyrolysis, gasification, chemical degradation, catalytic cracking and hydrogenation. Hydrous pyrolysis improves the depolymerization process, such that raw materials can be fed without requiring a drying process. This process can also be conducted at low temperatures, and water can be solely used as reaction medium and can be easily separated from the oil product. This paper also reviews the role of process parameters such as temperature, rubber to water ratio, reaction time, and type of gases on product quality and quantity. Moreover, this study highlights the environmental and economic feasibility of hydrous pyrolysis.

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Section: 133mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential use of natural rubber to produce liquid fuels using hydrous pyrolysis – a review

2016

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“…There is still discussion upon the exact structure and carbon chain length of algaenan [36] but it is clear that algaenan is a recalcitrant substance that is insoluble and non-hydrolysable. It is supposed to be the part of the aquatic biomass which is preserved in sediments and converted into fossil oil as it matures over geological time frames [37]. Algaenan consists of highly resistant aliphatic polymers [31] and therefore a high effort is required for cell wall disruption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Reference [38], a very low conversion by means of temperatures between 200 • C and 300 • C (for 9 h) of algaenan isolated from Botryococcus braunii was reported. In [37] a Scenedesmus species and also its extracted algaenan were hydrothermally treated. They showed that the algaenan polymethylenic structure can resist cracking at temperatures up to 310 • C. Therefore, algaenan seems to have a particular resistance to temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Disintegration and Extraction of Different Microalgae Species

2018

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Abstract:For the disintegration and extraction of microalgae to produce lipids and biofuels, a novel processing technology was investigated. The utilization of a hydrothermal treatment was tested on four different microalgae species (Scenedesmus rubescens, Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis oculata and Arthorspira platensis (Spirulina)) to determine whether it has an advantage in comparison to other disintegration methods for lipid extraction. It was shown, that hydrothermal treatment is a reasonable opportunity to utilize microalgae without drying and increase the lipid yield of an algae extraction process. For three of the four microalgae species, the extraction yield with a prior hydrothermal treatment elevated the lipid yield up to six times in comparison to direct extraction. Only Scenedesmus rubescens showed a different behaviour. Reason can be found in the different cell wall of the species. The investigation of the differences in cell wall composition of the used species indicate that the existence of algaenan as a cell wall compound plays a major role in stability.

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“…The FAMEs were compared with internal standard (F.A.M.E. Mix, C4‐C24 from Sigma‐Aldrich, PN: 18919‐1AMP) for identification and quantification using a coupled gas chromatography (HP 6890 series GC system, Hewlett–Packard Agilent, Ramsey, MN)—mass analyzer (Pegasus III time‐of‐flight (TOF) mass spectrometer, Leco Corp., St. Joseph, MI) system . Pyrolysis–GC‐MS was carried out on the samples using a Chemical Data Systems (CDS) pyrolysis system CDS 2000 Plus coupled to a Leco Pegasus II GC–MS system with the GC operating in the split mode (50:1) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of biofuels intermediates production and nutrients recycling in the processing of a marine algae

et al. 2016

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The cost‐effective production of liquid biofuels from microalgae is limited by several factors such as recovery of the lipid fractions as well as nutrients management. Flash hydrolysis, a rapid hydrothermal process, has been successfully applied to fractionate the microalgal biomass into solid biofuels intermediates while recovering a large amount of the nutrients in the aqueous phase (hydrolyzate) in a continuous flow reactor. The aim of the work is to enhance the quality of a high‐ash containing marine algae Nannochloropsis gaditana as biofuel feedstock while recycling nutrients directly for algae cultivation. Characterization of products demonstrated an increase in extractable lipids from 33.5 to 65.5 wt % (dry basis) while retaining the same fatty acid methyl ester profile, in addition to diminution of more than 70 wt % of ash compared to raw microalgae. Moreover, the hydrolyzate was directly used to grow a microalga of the same genus. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 1494–1502, 2017

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Hydrous pyrolysis of Scenedesmus algae and algaenan-like residue

Cited by 24 publications

References 54 publications

Potential use of natural rubber to produce liquid fuels using hydrous pyrolysis – a review

Potential use of natural rubber to produce liquid fuels using hydrous pyrolysis – a review

Hydrothermal Disintegration and Extraction of Different Microalgae Species

Integration of biofuels intermediates production and nutrients recycling in the processing of a marine algae

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