Hydroxamate siderophores of the ectomycorrhizal fungi Suillus granulatus and S. luteus

Haselwandter, K.; Häninger, Gerlinde; Ganzera, Markus

doi:10.1007/s10534-010-9383-4

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For the ectomycorrhiza fungus Suillus granulatus, production and secretion of fusarinines B and C (linear and cyclic fusigen, respectively), ferrichrome, coprogen, and TAFC have been reported. Similarly, the closely related mushroom Suillus luteus was found to release fusarinine B and fusarinine C (fusigen), ferricrocin, and coprogen (38) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

A Highly Conserved Basidiomycete Peptide Synthetase Produces a Trimeric Hydroxamate Siderophore

Brandenburger

Gressler

Leonhardt

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The model white-rot basidiomycete () B encodes putative natural product biosynthesis genes. Among them is the gene for the seven-domain nonribosomal peptide synthetase CsNPS2. It is a member of the as-yet uncharacterized fungal type VI siderophore synthetase family which is highly conserved and widely distributed among the basidiomycetes. These enzymes include only one adenylation (A) domain, i.e., one complete peptide synthetase module and two thiolation/condensation (T-C) di-domain partial modules which, together, constitute an ATCTCTC domain setup. The full-length CsNPS2 enzyme (274.5 kDa) was heterologously produced as polyhistidine fusion in as soluble and active protein.-acetyl--hydroxy-l-ornithine (l-AHO) and --anhydromevalonyl- -hydroxy-l-ornithine (l-AMHO) were accepted as substrates, as assessed using the substrate-dependent [P]ATP-pyrophosphate radioisotope exchange assay. Full-length -CsNPS2 catalyzed amide bond formation between three l-AHO molecules to release the linear l-AHO trimer, called basidioferrin, as product, which was verified by LC-HRESIMS. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that type VI family siderophore synthetases are widespread in mushrooms and have evolved in a common ancestor of basidiomycetes.: The basidiomycete nonribosomal peptide synthetase CsNPS2 represents a member of a widely distributed but previously uninvestigated class (type VI) of fungal siderophore synthetases. Genes orthologous to are highly conserved across various phylogenetic clades of the basidiomycetes. Hence, our work serves as a broadly applicable model for siderophore biosynthesis and iron metabolism in higher fungi. Also, our results on the amino acid substrate preference of CsNPS2 supports further understanding of the substrate selectivity of fungal adenylation domains. Methodologically, this report highlights the/SM-Xpress-based system as suitable platform to heterologously express multimodular basidiomycete biosynthesis enzymes in the > 250 kDa range in soluble and active form.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

A Highly Conserved Basidiomycete Peptide Synthetase Produces a Trimeric Hydroxamate Siderophore

Brandenburger

Gressler

Leonhardt

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Several putative biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) have been identified in the genome of A. oligospora, and one of the BGCs was proposed to involve in siderophore production [7]. Herein, we revealed that both A. oligospora and A. musiformis were capable of producing desferriferrichrome, a reported hydroxamate siderophore [17][18][19], and its production was significantly increased in the predatory stage. We also annotated an analogous biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) of desferriferrichrome in the genome of A. oligospora TWF154 [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In a small cluster in the molecular network ( Figure 4a; highlighted in Figure 2a), a blue node with m/z 688.326 (Z = 1, [M+H] + , 687.318 Da) was identified by the GNPS database as desferriferrichrome, a reported fungal siderophore [17][18][19][20]. This identification was further validated by high-resolution LC-MS with the chemical standard ( Figure S3).…”

Section: Desferriferrichromementioning

confidence: 85%

Nematode-Trapping Fungi Produce Diverse Metabolites during Predator–Prey Interaction

et al. 2020

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Nematode-trapping fungi are natural antagonists of nematodes. These predatory fungi are capable of switching their lifestyle from a saprophytic to predatory stage in the presence of nematodes by developing specialized trapping devices to capture and consume nematodes. The biochemical mechanisms of such predator–prey interaction have become increasingly studied given the potential application of nematode-trapping fungi as biocontrol agents, but the involved fungal metabolites remain underexplored. Here, we report a comprehensive liquid–chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS) metabolomics study on one hundred wild isolates of nematode-trapping fungi in three different species, Arthrobotrys oligospora, Arthrobotrys thaumasia, and Arthrobotrys musiformis. Molecular networking analysis revealed that the fungi were capable of producing thousands of metabolites, and such chemical diversity of metabolites was notably increased as the fungi switched lifestyle to the predatory stage. Structural annotations by tandem mass spectrometry revealed that those fungal metabolites belonged to various structural families, such as peptide, siderophore, fatty alcohol, and fatty acid amide, and their production exhibited species specificity. Several small peptides (<1.5 kDa) produced by A. musiformis in the predatory stage were found, with their partial amino acid sequences resolved by the tandem mass spectra. Four fungal metabolites (desferriferrichrome, linoleyl alcohol, nonadecanamide, and citicoline) that were significantly enriched in the predatory stage were identified and validated by chemical standards, and their bioactivities against nematode prey were assessed. The availability of the metabolomics datasets will facilitate comparative studies on the metabolites of nematode-trapping fungi in the future.

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“…They found a positive correlation between foliar K content, citric acid concentration and fungal biomass in the soil. Other experiments have shown production of citric acid (Fransson and Johansson, ), oxalic acid (van Hees et al ., ) and siderophores (Haselwandter et al ., ) by ectomycorrhizal fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation and assimilation of Mg isotopes by fungi is species dependent

Fahad

Bolou‐Bi

Köhler

et al. 2016

Environ Microbiol Rep

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Symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi mobilize nutrients from both organic and inorganic substrates and supply them to their host plants. Their role in mobilizing base cations and phosphorus from mineral substrates through weathering has received increasing attention in recent years but the processes involved remain to be elucidated. We grew selected ectomycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal fungi in axenic systems containing mineral and organic substrates and examined their capacity to fractionate and assimilate stable isotopes of magnesium. The mycorrhizal fungi were significantly depleted in heavy isotopes with the lowest Δ Mg values (the difference between δ Mg in fungal tissue and δ Mg in the substrate) compared with nonmycorrhizal fungi, when grown on mineral substrates containing granite particles. The ectomycorrhizal fungi accumulated significantly higher concentrations of Mg, K and P than the nonmycorrhizal fungi. There was a highly significant statistical relationship between δ Mg tissue signature and mycelial concentration of Mg, with a clear separation between most ectomycorrhizal fungi and the nonmycorrhizal fungi. These results are consistent with the idea that ectomycorrhizal fungi have evolved efficient mechanisms to mobilize, transport and store Mg within their mycelia.

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Hydroxamate siderophores of the ectomycorrhizal fungi Suillus granulatus and S. luteus

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

A Highly Conserved Basidiomycete Peptide Synthetase Produces a Trimeric Hydroxamate Siderophore

A Highly Conserved Basidiomycete Peptide Synthetase Produces a Trimeric Hydroxamate Siderophore

Nematode-Trapping Fungi Produce Diverse Metabolites during Predator–Prey Interaction

Fractionation and assimilation of Mg isotopes by fungi is species dependent

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