Hydroxyapatite Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Promising Nanomaterial for Magnetic Hyperthermia Cancer Treatment

Abstract

Targeting cancer cells without injuring normal cells is the prime objective in treatment of cancer. In this present study, solvothermal and wet chemical precipitation techniques were employed to synthesize iron oxide (IO), hydroxyapatite (HAp), and hydroxyapatite coated iron oxide (IO-HAp) nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia mediated cancer therapy. The synthesized well dispersed spherical IO-HAp nanoparticles, magnetite, and apatite phases were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The non-toxic behavior of synthesized IO-HAp nanoparticles was confirmed by cytotoxicity assay (Trypan blue and MTT assay). The synthesized nanoparticles revealed a remarkable magnetic saturation of 83.2 emu/g for IO and 40.6 emu/g for IO-HAp nanoparticles in presence of 15,000 Oe (1.5 T) magnetic field at room temperature (300 K). The magnetic hyperthermia study that was performed with IO-HAp nanoparticles showed an excellent hyperthermia effect (SAR value 85 W/g) over MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. The in vitro hyperthermia temperature (~45 °C) was reached within 3 min, which shows a very high efficiency and kills nearly all of the experimental MG-63 osteosarcoma cells within 30 min exposure. These results could potentially open new perceptions for biomaterials that are aimed for anti-cancer therapies based on magnetic hyperthermia.

Hydroxyapatite/iron oxide nanocomposite prepared by high energy ball milling

“…Nanocomposites made from magnetic material and certain non-magnetic biocompatible component are very important from the technological point of view. These materials include, for instance, coating of magnetic nanoparticles with polymer [15], synthetic silica [16], hydroxyapatite [17], and other different biocompatible materials. Among these, HAp/iron oxide nanocomposites attract great scientific attention.…”

Structural Analysis of Calcium Phosphate-Based Submicrospheres with Internally-Crystallized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Fabricated by a Laser-Assisted Precipitation Process

“…Our laser-assisted precipitation process is simple (one-pot) and rapid (short-time irradiation), and requires no surfactants. Therefore, it is advantageous over conventional fabrication processes of similar IO-CaP composite particles [14][15][16][17]. However, the IO-CaP submicrospheres fabricated by our process were inhomogeneous in their nanostructures (categorized as type A and type B).…”

“…CaPs are employed as a carrier matrix of IO nanoparticles, because they show low toxicity and good biocompatibility owing to their similarities to the mineral components found in human bones and teeth [10][11][12][13]. Conventionally, these IO-loaded CaP particles have been fabricated by time-consuming and/or multistep chemical precipitation processes [14][15][16][17]. For example, Mondal et al reported a two-step process in which IO nanoparticles were prepared and subsequently treated with CaP solutions to produce IO-loaded CaP particles [15].…”

“…Conventionally, these IO-loaded CaP particles have been fabricated by time-consuming and/or multistep chemical precipitation processes [14][15][16][17]. For example, Mondal et al reported a two-step process in which IO nanoparticles were prepared and subsequently treated with CaP solutions to produce IO-loaded CaP particles [15]. Ansar et al reported one-pot fabrication of IO-loaded CaP particles, however, their processing time was as long as a day [17].…”

Size Limit and Energy Analysis of Nanoparticles during Wrapping Process by Membrane

“…Nanometer-sized particles have been a focus of intensive research in the biomedical field for applications such as drug delivery, clinical diagnostics, and biomedical imaging [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. In order to raise diagnostic sensitivity and therapeutic efficiency, the ability to control and manipulate the interaction between cell membrane and nanoparticles (NPs) is required.…”