Hydroxyapatite formation from cuttlefish bones: kinetics

Abstract

Highly porous hydroxyapatite (Ca(10)(PO(4))(6)·(OH)(2), HA) was prepared through hydrothermal transformation of aragonitic cuttlefish bones (Sepia officinalis L. Adriatic Sea) in the temperature range from 140 to 220°C for 20 min to 48 h. The phase composition of converted hydroxyapatite was examined by quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) using Rietveld structure refinement and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA) approach was used to follow the kinetics and mechanism of transformation. Diffusion controlled one dimensional growth of HA, predominantly along the a-axis, could be defined. FTIR spectroscopy determined B-type substitutions of CO(3) (2-) groups. The morphology and microstructure of converted HA was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The general architecture of cuttlefish bones was preserved after hydrothermal treatment and the cuttlefish bones retained its form with the same channel size (~80 × 300 μm). The formation of dandelion-like HA spheres with diameter from 3 to 8 μm were observed on the surface of lamellae, which further transformed into various radially oriented nanoplates and nanorods with an average diameter of about 200-300 nm and an average length of about 8-10 μm.

Synthetic and Marine-Derived Porous Bone Graft Substitutes

“…studied the mechanism and kinetics of the aragonite transformation into CaP scaffolds by modifying the temperature and time of the hydrothermal reaction. Ivankovic et al [185] even after 48 h of HT. On the other hand, the formation of CaHPO4 (monetite) was reported to occur at 220°C and above 4 h of HT.…”

“…1,  represents the fraction of transformed HA, k is the rate constant, n is the Avrami exponent, associated with the nucleation type and growth dimensions, and  is the incubation time. The rate constant increased with the increase of temperature, however, the Avrami exponent was maintained almost constant and around 0.5 over the entire range of temperatures tested indicating that the growth mechanism of HA can be defined as one dimensional growth controlled by a diffusion process [185]. Alternative methods to HT can be used to produce CaP materials derived from CB.…”

“…In this regard, Ivankovic et al [185] and Kasioptas et al [195]. studied the mechanism and kinetics of the aragonite transformation into CaP scaffolds by modifying the temperature and time of the hydrothermal reaction.…”

Tavşanlarda Mürekkepbalığı Kabuğu ve Kan Pulcuğundan Zengin Plazma ile Birlikte Mürekkep Balığı Kaynaklı Hidroksiapatitin Tibial Kemik Hasarının İyileştirilmesindeki Rolü: Deneysel Bir Çalışma

“…The dorsal shield was removed and the lamellar part was cut into small blocks of about 1* 1*1 cm² by lancet and to remove organic residues immersed into 5% NaClO for 48 h. For hydrothermal synthesis the previously described method was slightly modified [22] . Briefly the required volume of 0.6 M aqueous solution of NH 4 H 2 PO 4 was added to yield a molar ratio of Ca/P = 1.67.…”

“…Different methods have been used to prepare hydroxyapatite from CB recently which the most popular is hydrothermal synthesis. Time and temperature of the reaction are the main variables in this process [10,13,14,20,22,23] . Another biologic source that has widely introduced lately is platelet rich plasma (PRP); defined as a fraction of blood which platelet concentration is above baseline in it.…”