Hydroxyapatite-modified micro/nanostructured titania surfaces with different crystalline phases for osteoblast regulation

Abstract

Surface structures and physicochemical properties critically influence osseointegration of titanium (Ti) implants. Previous studies have shown that the surface with both micro- and nanoscale roughness may provide multiple features comparable to cell dimensions and thus efficiently regulate cell-material interaction. However, less attention has been made to further optimize the physicochemical properties (e.g., crystalline phase) and to further improve the bioactivity of micro/nanostructured surfaces. Herein, micro/nanostructured titania surfaces with different crystalline phases (amorphous, anatase and anatase/rutile) were prepared and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanorods were deposited onto the as-prepared surfaces by a spin-assisted layer-by-layer assembly method without greatly altering the initial multi-scale morphology and wettability. The effects of crystalline phase, chemical composition and wettability on osteoblast response were investigated. It is noted that all the micro/nanostructured surfaces with/without HA modification presented superamphiphilic. The activities of MC3T3-E1 cells suggested that the proliferation trend on the micro/nanostructured surfaces was greatly influenced by different crystalline phases, and the highest proliferation rate was obtained on the anatase/rutile surface, followed by the anatase; but the cell differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization were almost the same among them. After ultrathin HA modification on the micro/nanostructured surfaces with different crystalline phases, it exhibited similar proliferation trend as the original surfaces; however, the cell differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization were significantly improved. The results indicate that the introduction of ultrathin HA to the micro/nanostructured surfaces with optimized crystalline phase benefits cell proliferation, differentiation and maturation, which suggests a favorable biomimetic microenvironment and provides the potential for enhanced implant osseointegration in vivo.

Nano-hydroxyapatite coating synthesized on quasi-fibrillar superstructures of collagen hydrolysate leads to superior osteoblast proliferation when compared to nano-hydroxyapatite synthesized on collagen fibrils

“…8d provides an illustration of the cell adhesion and proliferation occurring on three different coating surfaces. The osteoblast study corroborated previous reports that nanometric HA surfaces support higher osteoblast cell density [71,72] and provided evidence that HA grown on CH was a better osteophilic material than C/HA.…”

“…HA crystals with smaller dimensions effectively influence their biological and mechanical responses when used as coating materials [71,72]. This is one of the attractive features for the utilization of CH/HA as a coating material in comparison to C/HA.…”

Fabrication of In Situ Grown Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Modified Porous Polyetheretherketone Matrix Composites to Promote Osteointegration and Enhance Bone Repair

“…Next, the morphologies of cell spreading within 3D matrix are obtained using SEM after co-culturing with different groups for 24 h. The results show that cells have a more homogenous spreading distribution in the nHA-pPEEK group, which is possibly associated with cell differentiations. Hence, the better performance of nHA-modified samples in improving cell differentiation is probably associated to the functions and bioactivity of nHA ( Jiang et al, 2020 ). Cell spreading is often accompanied by changes in the structure and composition of the cytoskeleton ( Ma et al, 2016 ), and the beneficial outcome of cytoskeleton staining further confirms the effect of nHA and porous structure on MC3T3-E1 cells.…”

Construction of a BMP‐2 gene delivery system for polyetheretherketone bone implant material and its effect on bone formation in vitro

“…To construct a stable system that allows continuous pBMP-2 release, we primarily adopted low temperature nitrogen plasma treatment to obtain an expected topological morphology on PEEK that could effectively enhance the surface energy and increase the roughness, [47][48][49][50][51] improving the hydrophilicity of PEEK for a better biological performance. As a universal platform and simple approach for the secondary reaction, PDA was successfully adhered to N-PEEK, which then further achieved stable combination between PEEK and plasmid-carrying microspheres.…”