Hydroxyapatite powder cake filtration reduces false positives associated with halophilic bacteria when evaluating Escherichia coli in seawater using Colilert-18

Enterolert-E is an easy-to-use method for the enumeration of enterococci in water samples as an indicator of sewage pollution. This most probable number technique replaced the laborious and more time-consuming MEA-BEA plating method and it is used extensively in ballast water testing and monitoring. In spring 2018, the Control Union Water ballast water test facility measured high enterococci concentrations in Wadden Sea water without any correlation with polluted freshwater input. By isolating bacteria from samples incubated in Enterolert-E culture medium, followed by analyses of colony morphology and DNA, it is shown that these erroneously high concentrations were caused by Bacillus licheniformis, a gram-positive rodshaped chlorine-resistant bacterium. It is concluded that control analyses or the MEA-BEA method must be performed when high enterococci concentrations are measured in water samples that are not suspected to be polluted.

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False-positive enterococci counts in seawater with the IDEXX Enterolert-E most probable number technique caused by Bacillus licheniformis

Peperzak

Bleijswijk

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Efficiency and Applicability of Hydroxyapatite Cake Filtration to<i> Escherichia coli</i> Enumeration

Hashimoto

Nakamoto

Suzuki

et al. 2020

J. Env. cons. Eng Kankyo gijutsu

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Hydroxyapatite powder cake filtration reduces false positives associated with halophilic bacteria when evaluating Escherichia coli in seawater using Colilert-18

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

False-positive enterococci counts in seawater with the IDEXX Enterolert-E most probable number technique caused by Bacillus licheniformis

False-positive enterococci counts in seawater with the IDEXX Enterolert-E most probable number technique caused by Bacillus licheniformis

Efficiency and Applicability of Hydroxyapatite Cake Filtration to<i> Escherichia coli</i> Enumeration

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