Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds Produced from Cuttlefish Bone via Hydrothermal Transformation for Application in Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery Systems

Hydroxyapatite Consolidated by Zirconia: Applications for Dental Implant

“…Therefore, various chemical routes have been introduced for HAp synthesis including hydrothermal, sol-gel, mechano-chemical, precipitation, and polymer-assisted methods. HAp can also be fabricated from bio-waste or natural resources including clam shell [24], bovine [25], camel bones [26], corals [27], cuttlefish [28], and fish bone [17,29].…”

In Situ Construction of Morphologically Different Hydroxyapatite-Mineralized Structures on a Three-Dimensional Bionic Chitin Scaffold

“…10 Its special natural porous skeletal structure can promote the regeneration of newly formed bone tissue, and thus it has been widely used for bone tissue engineering. 11,12 β-Chitin from cuttlefish bone is the second most abundant natural polymeric polysaccharide after cellulose and consists of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds, 13,14 which has a parallel arrangement of molecular chains resulting in weak intermolecular hydrogen bonding, high affinity for solvents, and high reactivity. 15−17 of mineralization (calcification).…”

“…Cuttlefish bone, mainly composed of aragonite inorganic mineral and β-chitin organic matter, has an exquisite three-dimensional interconnected pore channel structure, with a porosity of about 93% and pore diameters varying from 200 to 600 μm . Its special natural porous skeletal structure can promote the regeneration of newly formed bone tissue, and thus it has been widely used for bone tissue engineering. , β-Chitin from cuttlefish bone is the second most abundant natural polymeric polysaccharide after cellulose and consists of N -acetyl- d -glucosamine linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds, , which has a parallel arrangement of molecular chains resulting in weak intermolecular hydrogen bonding, high affinity for solvents, and high reactivity. − β-Chitin has received much attention in the field of tissue engineering due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and promotion of mineralization (calcification). − However, the application of cuttlefish bone in tendon–bone healing is limited by the fact that the inorganic minerals in cuttlefish bone do not match the specific gradient structure of tendon–bone healing. Therefore, this work wanted to extract the organic matter while preserving the special natural porous skeletal structure of cuttlefish bone and use it as a template for the deposition of mineralized inorganic minerals to construct a gradient mineral volume scaffold with a special natural porous skeletal structure.…”

Recent Advances in Scaffolds for Guided Bone Regeneration

“…Due to the anatomical complexity and the tissue variability, the restoration of alveolar and maxillofacial bone defects occurring from inflammation, periodontal disease, neoplastic pathology, or trauma is challenging to achieve [ 1 , 2 ]. Bone has a limited healing capacity which is inadequate to regenerate larger size defects [ 3 , 4 ]. Furthermore, the use of titanium dental implants is considered a predictable treatment option for partial and full edentulism, provided that there is an adequate bone amount at the recipient site for the successful placement of implants in the prosthodontically-driven ideal position [ 5 ].…”

“…Concerns have been reported that these alternatives have certain drawbacks, including pathogen transmission and immune rejection [ 15 , 19 ]. Another category of bone grafts is synthetic alloplasts, which are fabricated from ceramics, polymers, and metals [ 4 , 20 ]. Even though they are able to withstand increased mechanical load and stress, their utilization is limited.…”