Hydroxyl radical formation during inhalation anesthesia in the reperfused working rat heart

Abstract

Purpose: To determine whether isoflurane, sevoflurane and halothane influenced hydroxyl radical production in the ischemic rat heart.Methods: Twenty-four male W~star rats were divided into four groups; control (C), isoflurane 1.496 (I), sevoflurane 2.5% (S) and halothane I% (H). The hearts were perused with modified Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer by a working heart model for I 0 min. Then, whole heart ischemia was induced by severely restricting coronary perfusion for 15 min. Reperfusion of the hearts after this ischemic period lasted for 20 min. The coronary effluent was collected before and during ischemia and at 1,5, 10,20 min after reperfusion. At the end of reperfusion, hearts were removed and prepared for measurement. Hydroxyl radicals were identified by their reaction with salicylic acid to yield dihydroxybenzoic acids (DHBAs). l~ul~: Before and after ischemia, there were no differences in coronary flow and heart rate among the four groups, but cardiac output and LV dP/dt maximum in the anesthetic groups were lower than in the control group. Hydroxyl radical products in the heart were significantly lower in the I group than the other groups (e.g. C vs I, 278. I • 24.3 vs 219.3 • 14.4/~M.g -~ , P < 0.05). The concentrations of DHBAs in the coronary effluent at some points in the I and H groups were less than in the C and S groups. Cond~ion: These results indicate that isoflurane and halothane (to a lesser extent), reduce hydroxyl radical production in the ischemic heart, but sevoflurane does not.Objea~" : D&erminer si I'isoflurane, le s&oflurane et I'halothane ont influenc~ la production de radical hydroxyle dans des coeurs de rats isch~miques. M&hode : Vingt-quatre rats m~les Wistar ont ~t~ r~partis en quatre groupes : t~moin (T), isoflurane 1,4 % (I), s~voflurane 2,5 % (S) et halothane 1% (H). Les coeurs ont ~t~ perfus& avec une solution tampon modifi~e de bicarbonate Krebs-Henseleit selon un module de travail cardiaque pendant 10 min. Ensuite, une isch~mie cardiaque totale a ~t~ induite en limitant la perfusion coronaire de fa~on importante pendant I 5 min. A la suite de quoi, la reperfusion a dur~ 20 min. I'effluent coronarien a ~t~ recueilli avant et pendant I'isch~mie et ~ 1,5, 10,20 min apr~s la reperfusion. A la fin de la reperfusion, les coeurs ont ~t~ retir& et prepares pour I'&ude. Les radicaux hydroxyles ont ~t~ identifi~s par leur r~action avec I'acide salicylique pour produire des acides dihydroxybenzo'iques (ADHB). ~.~ 9 Avant et apt& I'isch~mie, il n'y avait pas de diff&ence de flux coronarien et de fr~quence cardiaque intergroupe, mais le d~bit cardiaque et le dp/dt maximal du VG dans les groupes I, Set H ~taient plus faibles que dans le groupe T. La production de radical hydroxyle dans le coeur ~tait moins importante dans le groupe I que dans les autres groupes (par ex. C vs I, 278, I _ 24,3 vs 219,3 _ 14,4/IM.g -I, P < 0,05). Les concentrations d'ADHB de I'effluent dans les groupes Iet H ont &~, ~ quelques reprises, plus faibles que dans les groupes C et S. ConrJ~ion : I'isoflurane e...

Protective Effect of Isoflurane Anesthesia on Noise‐Induced Hearing Loss in Mice

“…9,12 Use of glutathione, antioxidants, and/or ROS scavengers has been reported to protect the inner ear from noise-induced damage. 9,13 Isoflurane was reported to decrease hydroxyl radical generation in the ischemic rat heart 14 and inhibit superoxide anion production by activated neutrophils, an action that occurred independently of K ATF channel opening. 15 Isoflurane also decreased intracellular calcium ion mobilization and reduced superoxide production induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine.…”

The “Goldilocks Zone” from a redox perspective—Adaptive vs. deleterious responses to oxidative stress in striated muscle

“…Paradoxically, transient bursts of ROS during anesthetic treatment plays an important role in the cardioprotective response (Mullenheim et al, 2002; Novalija et al, 2002; Tanaka et al, 2003). In line with these concepts, treatment with isoflurane (Tanaka et al, 2002, 2003) or sevoflurane (Kevin et al, 2003b) increases ROS production during preconditioning, and reduces oxidative stress during I/R (Nakamura et al, 1999; Kevin et al, 2003b). Following anesthetic exposure, an increase in intracellular superoxide production can be detected by the fluorescence of oxidized dihydroethidium (Tanaka et al, 2002, 2003; Ludwig et al, 2004).…”

Lung Dysfunction Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass

“…55 Barbiturates (e.g., thiopental, methohexitone) inhibit neutrophil polarization, phagocytosis, and killing, 56,57 while volatile anesthetics (e.g., isoflurane, sevoflurane) decrease alveolar macrophage phagocytosis and microbicidal function 58 and, additionally, they reduce proinflammatory cytokines IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels and protect against free radical myocardial injury. 59,60 Opioids, however, especially morphine, have been shown to have pro-inflammatory properties, similar to those of cytokines, 61 while the involvement of various δ, μ, and κ opioid receptors in diverse inflammatory cells generation has been implicated. 61 In addition, morphine has been found to down regulate the activity of macrophages, granulocytes, and lymphocytes, while it furthermore suppresses the antibody response of the body.…”