Hyper-production of taxol from Aspergillus fumigatus, an endophytic fungus isolated from Taxus sp. of the Northern Himalayan region

Kumar, Pradeep; Singh, Balwant; Thakur, Vikram; Thakur, Abhishek; Thakur, Nandita; Pandey, Deepak; Chand, Duni

doi:10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00395

Cited by 58 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…In this regard, several studies have reported Taxol ® production by endophytic fungi, such as Aspergillus flavipes (185 µg/L), Aspergillus aculeatinus (1.3 mg/L), Aspergillus oryzae (95 µg/L), and Metarizium anisopliae (0.16 mg/L) [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. In a more recent study carried out by Kumar et al, 1.6 g/L of Taxol ® was yielded by employing the endophytic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus , which, to the best of our knowledge, comprises the highest Taxol ® production from an endophytic fungus [ 50 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compressive Review about Taxol®: History and Future Challenges

et al. 2020

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Taxol®, which is also known as paclitaxel, is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used to treat different cancers. Since the discovery of its antitumoral activity, Taxol® has been used to treat over one million patients, making it one of the most widely employed antitumoral drugs. Taxol® was the first microtubule targeting agent described in the literature, with its main mechanism of action consisting of the disruption of microtubule dynamics, thus inducing mitotic arrest and cell death. However, secondary mechanisms for achieving apoptosis have also been demonstrated. Despite its wide use, Taxol® has certain disadvantages. The main challenges facing Taxol® are the need to find an environmentally sustainable production method based on the use of microorganisms, increase its bioavailability without exerting adverse effects on the health of patients and minimize the resistance presented by a high percentage of cells treated with paclitaxel. This review details, in a succinct manner, the main aspects of this important drug, from its discovery to the present day. We highlight the main challenges that must be faced in the coming years, in order to increase the effectiveness of Taxol® as an anticancer agent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compressive Review about Taxol®: History and Future Challenges

et al. 2020

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“…Previous studies have reported the isolation of fungal endophytes from many different tree species including pine trees [13,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. However, most studies conducted in pine trees focused on the distribution and composition of fungal endophytes from needles [23,26,33] and found the phylum Ascomycota as the most abundant fungal endophytes from needle tissue [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Communities of Fungal Endophytes from Four Pinus Species in Korea

Rim

Roy

Jeon

et al. 2021

Forests

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Fungal endophytes are ubiquitous in nature. They are known as potential sources of natural products, and possible agents for biocontrol attributing to their ability to produce a repertoire of bioactive compounds. In this study, we isolated fungal endophytes from three different tissues (needle, stem and root) of four Pinus species (Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Pnus rigida, and Pinus thunbergii) across 18 sampling sites in Korea. A total number of 5872 culturable fungal endophytes were isolated using standard culturing techniques. Molecular identification based on the sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) or 28S ribosomal DNA revealed a total of 234 different fungal species. The isolated fungal endophytes belonged to Ascomycota (91.06%), Basidiomycota (5.95%) and Mucoromycota (2.97%), with 144 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 88 different genera. In all sampling sites, the highest species richness (S) was observed in site 1T (51 OTUs) while the lowest was observed in site 4T (27 OTUs). In terms of diversity, as measured by Shannon diversity index (H’), the sampling site 2D (H′ = 3.216) showed the highest while the lowest H’ was observed in site 2K (H’ = 2.232). Species richness (S) in three different tissues revealed that root and needle tissues are highly colonized with fungal endophytes compared to stem tissue. No significant difference was observed in the diversity of endophytes in three different tissues. Among the four Pinus species, P. thunbergii exhibited the highest species richness and diversity of fungal endophytes. Our findings also revealed that the environmental factors have no significant impact in shaping the composition of the fungal endophytes. Furthermore, FUNGuild analysis revealed three major classifications of fungal endophytes based on trophic modes namely saprotrophs, symbiotrophs, and pathotrophs in four Pinus species, with high proportions of saprotrophs and pathothrops.

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“…Nevertheless, plant-derived paclitaxel suffers from a short supply due to its low abundance in Taxus, limiting its clinical application. In this instance, multiple strategies have been employed to address supply issues 4 , and promising progress has been made in chemical 5 and semichemical synthesis 6 , direct extraction from Taxus cell lines 7 , fermentation of endophytic paclitaxel producing fungi 8 , and metabolic engineering of paclitaxel production using heterologous systems 9 .…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

TheTaxus genome provides insights into paclitaxel biosynthesis

Xiong

Gou²,

Liao³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The ancient gymnosperm genus Taxus is the exclusive source of the anticancer drug paclitaxel, yet no reference genome sequences are available for comprehensively elucidating the paclitaxel biosynthesis pathway. We have completed a chromosome-level genome of Taxus chinensis var. mairei with a total length of 10.23 Gb. Taxus shared an ancestral whole-genome duplication with the coniferophyte lineage and underwent distinct transposon evolution. We discovered a unique physical and functional grouping of CYP725As (cytochrome P450) in the Taxus genome for paclitaxel biosynthesis. We also identified a gene cluster in the taxadiene biosynthesis, which was mainly formed by gene duplications. This study will facilitate the elucidation of paclitaxel biosynthesis and unleash the biotechnological potential of Taxus.

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Hyper-production of taxol from Aspergillus fumigatus, an endophytic fungus isolated from Taxus sp. of the Northern Himalayan region

Abstract: HighlightsA novel taxol-producing A. fumigatus strain explored from the Northern Himalayan region.dbat and ITS genes were used as molecular markers for screening and identification.Hyper-production (1.6 g/L) of taxol in S7 medium, highest from an endophytic fungus.

Cited by 58 publications

References 75 publications

A Compressive Review about Taxol®: History and Future Challenges

A Compressive Review about Taxol®: History and Future Challenges

Diversity and Communities of Fungal Endophytes from Four Pinus Species in Korea

TheTaxus genome provides insights into paclitaxel biosynthesis

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Hyper-production of taxol from Aspergillus fumigatus, an endophytic fungus isolated from Taxus sp. of the Northern Himalayan region

Abstract: HighlightsA novel taxol-producing A. fumigatus strain explored from the Northern Himalayan region.dbat and ITS genes were used as molecular markers for screening and identification.Hyper-production (1.6 g/L) of taxol in S7 medium, highest from an endophytic fungus.

Cited by 58 publications

References 75 publications

A Compressive Review about Taxol®: History and Future Challenges

A Compressive Review about Taxol®: History and Future Challenges

Diversity and Communities of Fungal Endophytes from Four Pinus Species in Korea

TheTaxus genome provides insights into paclitaxel biosynthesis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Abstract: HighlightsA novel taxol-producing A. fumigatus strain explored from the Northern Himalayan region.dbat and ITS genes were used as molecular markers for screening and identification.Hyper-production (1.6 g/L) of taxol in S7 medium, highest from an endophytic fungus.