Hyperactivity, aphagia and motor disturbance following lesions of superior colliculus and underlying tegmentum in rats

Pope, Sian G.; Dean, Paul

doi:10.1016/s0163-1047(79)92019-3

Cited by 56 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Although we did find a reduction in diurnality in 12:12 LD conditions, activity levels were restored in constant darkness, suggesting that the reduction in activity was completely driven by light input. Interestingly, whereas nocturnal rodents with SC lesions become hyperactive (Pope and Dean, 1979;Delay, 1981), diurnal mammals, such as tree shrews (Casagrande et al, 1972), monkeys (Denny-Brown, 1962), and, as shown here, Nile grass rats with SC lesions, become hypoactive. We hypothesize that the SC acts to drive speciestypical behavior when lights are present.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Superior Colliculus Lesions Lead to Disrupted Responses to Light in Diurnal Grass Rats (Arvicanthis niloticus)

et al. 2019

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The circadian system regulates daily rhythms of physiology and behavior. Although extraordinary advances have been made to elucidate the brain mechanisms underlying the circadian system in nocturnal species, less is known in diurnal species. Recent studies have shown that retinorecipient brain areas such as the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) and olivary pretectal nucleus (OPT) are critical for the display of normal patterns of daily activity in diurnal grass rats ( Arvicanthis niloticus). Specifically, grass rats with IGL and OPT lesions respond to light in similar ways to intact nocturnal animals. Importantly, both the IGL and OPT project to one another in nocturnal species, and there is evidence that these 2 brain regions also project to the superior colliculus (SC). The SC receives direct retinal input, is involved in the triggering of rapid eye movement sleep in nocturnal rats, and is disproportionately large in the diurnal grass rat. The objective of the current study was to use diurnal grass rats to test the hypothesis that the SC is critical for the expression of diurnal behavior and physiology. We performed bilateral electrolytic lesions of the SC in female grass rats to examine behavioral patterns and acute responses to light. Most grass rats with SC lesions expressed significantly reduced activity in the presence of light. Exposing these grass rats to constant darkness reinstated activity levels during the subjective day, suggesting that light masks their ability to display a diurnal activity profile in 12:12 LD. Altogether, our data suggest that the SC is critical for maintaining normal responses to light in female grass rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Superior Colliculus Lesions Lead to Disrupted Responses to Light in Diurnal Grass Rats (Arvicanthis niloticus)

et al. 2019

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“…Lesions to the superior colliculus in rats are associated with hyperactivity (Foreman et al, 1978; Pope and Dean, 1979). Exposure to alcohol in healthy male volunteers is associated with hyperactivity (Marinkovic et al, 2000) as is withdrawal from alcohol (Erstad and Cotugno, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jacobian Maps Reveal Under-reported Brain Regions Sensitive to Extreme Binge Ethanol Intoxication in the Rat

et al. 2018

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Individuals aged 12–20 years drink 11% of all alcohol consumed in the United States with more than 90% consumed in the form of binge drinking. Early onset alcohol use is a strong predictor of future alcohol dependence. The study of the effects of excessive alcohol use on the human brain is hampered by limited information regarding the quantity and frequency of exposure to alcohol. Animal models can control for age at alcohol exposure onset and enable isolation of neural substrates of exposure to different patterns and quantities of ethanol (EtOH). As with humans, a frequently used binge exposure model is thought to produce dependence and affect predominantly corticolimbic brain regions. in vivo neuroimaging enables animals models to be examined longitudinally, allowing for each animal to serve as its own control. Accordingly, we conducted 3 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sessions (baseline, binge, recovery) to track structure throughout the brains of wild type Wistar rats to test the hypothesis that binge EtOH exposure affects specific brain regions in addition to corticolimbic circuitry. Voxel-based comparisons of 13 EtOH- vs. 12 water- exposed animals identified significant thalamic shrinkage and lateral ventricular enlargement as occurring with EtOH exposure, but recovering with a week of abstinence. By contrast, pretectal nuclei and superior and inferior colliculi shrank in response to binge EtOH treatment but did not recover with abstinence. These results identify brainstem structures that have been relatively underreported but are relevant for localizing neurocircuitry relevant to the dynamic course of alcoholism.

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“…The superior colliculus is involved in the control of eye movements (Stein, Goldberg, & Clamann, 1976) and visually guided behavior in the cat (Sprague, Berlucci, & DiBernardino, 1970) and rat (Pope & Dean, 1979;Weldon & Smith, 1979). Cells in this area also respond to tactile (Nagata & Kruger, 1979) and noxious stimuli (Stein & Dixon, 1978).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taming of wild Rattus norvegicus by lesions of the mesencephalic central gray

et al. 1981

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Wild-trapped Rattus norvegicus show a consistent pattern of fear and defensive behavior to nonpainful stimuli such as an approaching experimenter, an anesthetized conspecific, or tactile stimulation of the back and vibrassae, as well as to painful stimuli. This reactivity to a range of stimuli, and the different behaviors by which such fear or defensiveness may be expressed, including flight, freezing, vocalization, the jump-attack, and specific biting patterns, make wild rats very appropriate subjects for the analysis of brain mechanisms underlying fear. Lesions of the mesencephalic central gray dramatically lowered these defensive reactions to both painful and nonpainful threat stimuli, reducing or eliminating each of the defensive reactions measured. The subjects showed no evidence of significant motor impairment or disturbance of primary sensory mechanisms. Because these experimental lesions involved considerable damage to the superior colliculi, a second study used wild rats with qamage only to the colliculi. These animals displayed some deficits in visually guided behavior and in reactivity to certain tactile stimuli, but most of their fear reactions were intact. These findings suggest that the mesencephalic central gray, traditionally regarded as involved in reactivity to pain, may be one component of a mechanism underlying fear and defensive behaviors to nonpainful as well as noxious stimuli.

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Hyperactivity, aphagia and motor disturbance following lesions of superior colliculus and underlying tegmentum in rats

Cited by 56 publications

References 26 publications

Superior Colliculus Lesions Lead to Disrupted Responses to Light in Diurnal Grass Rats (Arvicanthis niloticus)

Superior Colliculus Lesions Lead to Disrupted Responses to Light in Diurnal Grass Rats (Arvicanthis niloticus)

Jacobian Maps Reveal Under-reported Brain Regions Sensitive to Extreme Binge Ethanol Intoxication in the Rat

Taming of wild Rattus norvegicus by lesions of the mesencephalic central gray

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