Hyperactivity in patients with anorexia nervosa and in semistarved rats: evidence for a pivotal role of hypoleptinemia

Hebebrand, Johannes; Exner, Cornelia; Hebebrand, Kathrin; Holtkamp, Christine A.; Casper, Regina C.; Remschmidt, Helmut; Herpertz‐Dahlmann, Beate; Klingenspor, Martin

doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(03)00102-1

Cited by 222 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…The results of serum leptin levels do not support the hypothesis from Hotkamp's group that low leptin levels in AN can facilitate motor restlessness and intensive exercise behaviors as observed during the semi-starvation-induced hyperactivity model in rodents (Hebebrand et al, 2003;Holtkamp et al, 2006). However, in this study, the relationship between serum leptin levels and physical activity follows an inverted U-shape curve; physical activity levels are lower in severely undernourished AN patients leading to the hypothesis that the effect of hypoleptinemia on physical activity levels declines with the severity of the undernutrition (Holtkamp et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Specific adipocytokines profiles in patients with hyperactive and/or binge/purge form of anorexia nervosa

et al. 2010

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Objective: The aim of our study was to determine whether eating behaviors and/or physical activity level may explain contradicting results in adipocytokines levels in anorexia nervosa (AN). Subjects/Methods: Fasting levels of circulating adipocytokines (adiponectin, resistin and leptin), insulin, glucose, C-reactive protein, cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin (IL)-1b), body composition and resting energy expenditure were measured in 24 women AN patients and 14 women controls. These parameters were compared according to AN subtypes: 15 patients with restrictive (R-AN) form versus 9 patients with binge/purge (BP-AN) form; 15 patients with hyperactive (H-AN) form versus 9 patients with nonhyperactive (NH-AN) form. Results: BP-AN patients had significantly higher serum adiponectin levels compared with R-AN patients (Po0.05), and H-AN patients had higher serum leptin and lower serum resistin levels compared with NH-AN patients (Po0.05 for both). Conclusions: Our study shows specific adipocytokines profiles depending on the subtype of AN: restrictive versus binge/purge and hyperactive versus Nonhyperactive forms. We suggest that these biological signatures could interfere with the outcome of the disease.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Specific adipocytokines profiles in patients with hyperactive and/or binge/purge form of anorexia nervosa

et al. 2010

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“…We have suggested that the drive for activity, restlessness, and the mental alertness during the starvation state represent core symptoms of AN and, therefore, ought to be included as diagnostic criteria (Casper 2006). The escalation in restlessness and the drive for activity are closely interrelated with the caloric deprivation and the catabolic state and decline with food intake in both subtypes (Hebebrand et al 2003a). Individuals who reported excessive exercise reported lower minimum BMI, younger age at interview, higher scores on anxiety, perfectionism, and eating disorder symptom measures (Shroff et al 2006).…”

Section: Symptoms In Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of animal models to human eating disorders and obesity

2008

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Background and rationale This review addresses the role animal models play in contributing to our knowledge about the eating disorders anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) and obesity. Objectives Explore the usefulness of animal models in complex biobehavioral familial conditions, such as AN, BN, and obesity, that involve interactions among genetic, physiologic, psychological, and cultural factors. Results and conclusionsThe most promising animal model to mimic AN is the activity-based anorexia rodent model leading to pathological weight loss. The paradigm incorporates reward elements of the drive for activity in the presence of an appetite and allows the use of genetically modified animals. For BN, the sham-feeding preparation in rodents equipped with a gastric fistula appears to be best suited to reproduce the postprandial emesis and the defects in satiety. Animal models that incorporate genes linked to behavior and mood may clarify biobehavioral processes underlying AN and BN. By contrast, a relative abundance of animal models has contributed to our understanding of human obesity. Both environmental and genetic determinants of obesity have been modeled in rodents. Here, we consider single gene mutant obesity models, along with models of obesigenic environmental conditions. The contributions of animal models to obesity research are illustrated by their utility for identifying genes linked to human obesity, for elucidating the pathways that regulate body weight and for the identification of potential therapeutic targets. The utility of these models may be further improved by exploring the impact of experimental manipulations on the behavioral determinants of energy balance.

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“…Animal models of ''anorexia based activity'' exist 54 and both rodent and human studies indicate that hypoleptinemia is associated with hyperactivity and motor restlessness. 55,56 In food restricted rats, exogenous leptin suppresses the development of semi-starvation induced hyperactivity 57 ; in AN patients leptin levels are inversely correlated with motor restlessness. 58 The optional inclusion of symptoms of elevated activity would allow reference to a biologically based phenomenon, which appears rather specific to AN.…”

Section: Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic epidemiology, endophenotypes, and eating disorder classification

Bulik

Keski‐Rahkonen

Klump

et al. 2007

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

121

111

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Objective: To explore how genetic epidemiology has informed the identification of endophenotypes and how endophenotypes may inform future classification of eating disorders.Method: Literature review and synthesis.Results: Although a number of endoand subphenotypes have been suggested for eating disorders, few reach the rigorous definitions developed for candidate endophenotypes. Conclusion:Further study of endophenotypes and subphenotypes for eating disorders may assist with developing a more homogenous classification system that more closely reflects underlying biological mechanisms, and provides a clearer focus for the development of coherent models and treatments. V V C 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Hyperactivity in patients with anorexia nervosa and in semistarved rats: evidence for a pivotal role of hypoleptinemia

Cited by 222 publications

References 118 publications

Specific adipocytokines profiles in patients with hyperactive and/or binge/purge form of anorexia nervosa

Specific adipocytokines profiles in patients with hyperactive and/or binge/purge form of anorexia nervosa

Relevance of animal models to human eating disorders and obesity

Genetic epidemiology, endophenotypes, and eating disorder classification

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