Hyperacute leucopenia associated with furosemide

Abstract

A 72-year-old man presented to the hospital with exacerbation of congestive heart failure. He was given furosemide 40 mg intravenously twice at 4 hours apart. At 4 hours after the second dose of furosemide, his white blood cells (WBC) dropped acutely from 9.8 to 2.4×10/L (reference range 4.1 to 9.3×10/L). With the discontinuation of furosemide, the WBC trended up to 7.1×10/L about 13 hours after the second dose of intravenous furosemide and remained in normal range for the next 3 days. However, when the oral furosemide was started on hospital day 4, there was a mild drop in WBC count, which returned to and maintained at baseline since the next day. The dynamic changes in the patient's WBC were coincident with the use of furosemide. The possible mechanisms of furosemide-associated transient hyperacute leucopenia were discussed.

Furosemide‐induced haemolytic anaemia in an extreme elderly patient

“…Direct haematological side effects, such as agranulocytosis, aplastic anaemia, haemolytic anaemia, leukopenia, purpuric disease, and thrombocytopenia, have been described only in limited cases. 2 , 3 , 4 …”

“…Direct haematological side effects, such as agranulocytosis, aplastic anaemia, haemolytic anaemia, leukopenia, purpuric disease, and thrombocytopenia, have been described only in limited cases. [2][3][4] Drug-induced immune haemolytic anaemia (DIIHA) is a rare complication. The incidence was only ~1 per million per year.…”

“…Though generally well tolerated, major adverse reactions have been documented, including electrolyte abnormalities, acute kidney injury, hypersensitivity, and ototoxicity. Direct haematological side effects, such as agranulocytosis, aplastic anaemia, haemolytic anaemia, leukopenia, purpuric disease, and thrombocytopenia, have been described only in limited cases 2–4 …”