2011
DOI: 10.1007/s00467-011-1838-5
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Hyperammonemia in review: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment

Abstract: Ammonia is an important source of nitrogen and is required for amino acid synthesis. It is also necessary for normal acid-base balance. When present in high concentrations, ammonia is toxic. Endogenous ammonia intoxication can occur when there is impaired capacity of the body to excrete nitrogenous waste, as seen with congenital enzymatic deficiencies. A variety of environmental causes and medications may also lead to ammonia toxicity. Hyperammonemia refers to a clinical condition associated with elevated ammo… Show more

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Cited by 168 publications
(166 citation statements)
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“…Ammonium also serves as principal nitrogen source for numerous microorganisms and plants, whereas it is mainly regarded as a blood pH regulator and a cytotoxic compound in mammals [8][9][10] . Three Mep-Amt proteins enable ammonium transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae 11 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ammonium also serves as principal nitrogen source for numerous microorganisms and plants, whereas it is mainly regarded as a blood pH regulator and a cytotoxic compound in mammals [8][9][10] . Three Mep-Amt proteins enable ammonium transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae 11 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ammonia measurement can therefore help clinicians assess various disease and wellness states 2 . However, ammonia is difficult to measure accurately, via blood or breath, because it is very reactive.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…L'ammonium constitue une source d'azote pour de nombreux microorganismes comme les bactĂ©ries et les levures, mais aussi pour les plantes. Il occupe une position centrale dans le mĂ©tabolisme azotĂ©, Ă  la jonction du catabolisme et de 1 Le terme « ammonium » est ici utilisĂ© pour dĂ©signer la somme des deux formes (NH 4 + + NH 3 ). Lorsqu'une distinction sera nĂ©cessaire, les formules chimiques « NH 3 » ou « NH 4 + », ou les qualificatifs « neutre » ou « chargĂ© » seront employĂ©s.…”
Section: L'ammonium Dans Le Monde Vivantunclassified
“…NĂ©anmoins, ce composĂ© peut se rĂ©vĂ©ler toxique Ă  fortes concentrations notamment chez les espĂšces vĂ©gĂ©tales. Chez les animaux, l'ammonium est surtout connu en tant que produit mĂ©tabolique cytotoxique [1]. Chez l'homme, l'ammonium, notamment issu du catabolisme des protĂ©ines, est dĂ©toxiquĂ© en urĂ©e et en glutamine par le foie.…”
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