Hyperbolic Discounting, the Sign Effect, and the Body Mass Index

Ikeda, Shinsuke; Kang, Myong-Il; Ohtake, Fumio

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55402-8_12

Cited by 20 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Changes in time preferences could plausibly 25 mediate this pathway as individuals become more present-biased when stressed (Haushofer et al, 2015) and higher rates of intertemporal discounting are associated with cigarette smoking (Adams, 2009), frequent alcohol consumption (MacKillop and Kahler, 2009), illicit drug use (Coffey et al, 2003), lack of physical exercise (Leonard et al, 2013) and health outcomes such as obesity (Ikeda et al, 2016) and mortality (Boyle et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How financial strain affects health: Evidence from the Dutch National Bank Household Survey

Prentice

McKillop

French

2017

Social Science & Medicine

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The mechanisms by which financial strain affects health are not well understood. In this paper, we conduct a longitudinal mediation analysis of the Dutch National Bank 5Household Survey. To quantify the relative importance of biological and nonbiological pathways from financial strain to health, we consider smoking, heavy drinking and being overweight as plausible behavioural responses to financial strain but find that only 4.9% of the response of self-reported health to financial strain is mediated by these behaviours. Further analysis indicates that although financial strain increases 10 impulsivity this has little effect on unhealthy behaviours. Economic stresses therefore appear to be distinct from other forms of stress in the relatively minor influence of nonbiological pathways to ill-health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How financial strain affects health: Evidence from the Dutch National Bank Household Survey

Prentice

McKillop

French

2017

Social Science & Medicine

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“…From Strotz (1955), we know that a decision maker who deviates from constant discounting may be prone to behave inconsistently over time and may have self-control problems, which lead to self-harming behaviors such as saving too little, addiction (Gruber and Köszegi 2001) and obesity (Scharff 2009;Ikeda et al 2010). These self-control problems, in turn, may increase the welfare benefits from policy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A measurement of decreasing impatience for health and money

2016

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This paper measures deviations from constant discounting and compares these deviations for health and money. Our measurements make no assumptions about utility and do not require separability of preferences over time. In an experiment, most subjects were decreasingly impatient, but a substantial minority was increasingly impatient. The deviations from constant discounting were more pronounced for health than for money suggesting that time preferences are domain-specific. Hyperbolic discounting (Loewenstein and Prelec,

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“…Along the lines of studies by Ikeda et al 19 and Kang and Ikeda,20 procrastination, which is considered a proxy for hyperbolic discounting, was assessed using one questionnaire item about homework assignments that were given when respondents were still in school: “Reflecting back to when you were a child and were given an assignment to be completed during school vacation, how early did you usually finish the assignment?”. Responses were scored using a five-point Likert scale (Box 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individuals with higher hyperbolic rates of discounting, who are considered impulsive or lacking self-control, tend to eat unhealthy diets (ie, high caloric intake and many sweets), to drink too much alcohol, and to procrastinate when it comes to engaging in healthy behaviours (ie, going to the gym less often), which together lead to obesity. Empirical studies by Ikeda et al 19 and Kang and Ikeda,20 which targeted Japanese people, also showed that procrastination (a proxy variable of hyperbolic discounting that is assessed using a questionnaire item about homework while in school) was related to obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Association between procrastination, white-collar work and obesity in Japanese male workers: a cross-sectional study

Narisada

Suzuki

2019

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveTo investigate the associations among procrastination (time inconsistency), work environment and obesity-related factors in Japanese male workers.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingData were collected at two work sites of Japanese electronics manufacturing company in 2015.Participants795 full-time male workers in a Japanese electric company, aged 35–64 years, who underwent health checkups in 2015.Main outcome measuresBody mass index (BMI), adult weight change, obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2), adult weight gain over 10 kg (AWG10) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of procrastination assessed by using a one-item questionnaire and white-collar and blue-collar work with obesity-related factors.ResultsWhite-collar workers with high procrastination levels showed positive associations with BMI (B: 0.75, 95% CI 0.06 to 1.44) and adult weight change (B: 1.77, 95% CI 0.26 to 3.29), and had increased odds of AWG10 (OR: 1.85, 95% CI 1.04 to 3.29) and MetS (OR: 2.29 95% CI 1.18 to 4.44) after adjustment for age, education, work-related factors and lifestyle factors. However, such positive associations were not observed among blue-collar workers.ConclusionsProcrastination and white-collar work might have a joint effect on weight gain during adulthood and consequential obesity.

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Hyperbolic Discounting, the Sign Effect, and the Body Mass Index

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

How financial strain affects health: Evidence from the Dutch National Bank Household Survey

How financial strain affects health: Evidence from the Dutch National Bank Household Survey

A measurement of decreasing impatience for health and money

Association between procrastination, white-collar work and obesity in Japanese male workers: a cross-sectional study

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