Hyperbranched flame retardant to simultaneously improve the fire-safety, toughness and glass transition temperature of epoxy resin

Teng, Na; Dai, Jinyue; Wang, Shuaipeng; Liu, Xiaoling; Hu, Jingyuan; Yi, Xiaosu; Liu, Xiaoqing

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110638

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Hence, with the action of two different compatibility groups of the silane coupling agent, the E-51 and straw short fiber were connected through a silicon oxygen bond to form the interface layer of EP–silane coupling agent-straw short fiber, which improved the adhesion between the E-51 and straw. Owing to the large amount of hydroxyl groups in the straw molecules, the curing reaction of this modified system was so complex that a connected network structure would be formed, which was conducive to stress transfer and energy dissipation [ 37 , 38 ]. Therefore, the initial modulus of MCSEC-10 was higher than that of pure EP.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Curing Mechanism of Modified Corn Straw by 3-Glycidyl Ether Oxypropyl Trimethoxysilane/Epoxy Resin Composites

et al. 2022

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A modified corn straw (CS)/epoxy resin (EP) composite was prepared using bisphenol A EP (i.e., E-51) as matrix, 2-methylimidazole as curing agent, and CS modified by 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl trimethoxysilane (KHCS) as filler. Its chemical structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The dynamic thermodynamic properties, mechanical properties, flame retardant property, and fracture morphology were studied using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a universal testing machine, a micro combustion calorimeter, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The effects of different contents of KHCS on various properties were discussed. The experimental result showed that the CS was bonded toKH560 by a covalent bond. The impact strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength of the composites were all improved compared with those of pure EP. When the content of KHCS was 15 wt%, the maximum impact strength of the composites was 3.31 kJ/m2, which was 1.43 times that of the pure EP. The p HRR and THR of MCSEC-20 were 512.44 W/g and 25.03 kJ/g, respectively, which were 40.71% and 27.76% lower than those of pure EP, when the content of KHCS was 20 wt%. Moreover, the mechanism of the curing composites was investigated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Curing Mechanism of Modified Corn Straw by 3-Glycidyl Ether Oxypropyl Trimethoxysilane/Epoxy Resin Composites

et al. 2022

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“…PDG was synthesized from DOPO, protocatechuic aldehyde, and guaiacol following the protocol reported in previous literature [ 26 ]. The chemical structure of PDG was confirmed by FT-IR and NMR, as presented in Supplementary Materials Figure S1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Hyperbranched Flame Retardants with Varied Branched Chains’ Rigidity and Performance of Modified Epoxy Resins

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2023

Polymers

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To overcome the high flammability and brittleness of epoxy resins without sacrificing their glass transition temperature (Tg) and mechanical properties, three epoxy-terminated hyperbranched flame retardants (EHBFRs) with a rigid central core and different branches, named EHBFR-HB, EHBFR-HCM, and EHBFR-HBM, were synthesized. After chemical structure characterization, the synthesized EHBFRs were introduced into the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and cured with 4, 4-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM). The compatibility, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and flame retardancy of the resultant resins were evaluated. Results showed that all three EHBFRs could significantly improve the fire safety of cured resins, and 30 wt. % of EHBFRs (less than 1.0 wt. % phosphorus content) endowed cured DGEBA with a UL-94 V-0 rating. In addition, the increased rigidity of branches in EHBFRs could increase the flexural strength and modulus of cured resins, and the branches with appropriate rigidity were also beneficial for improving their room temperature impact strength and Tg.

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“…The incorporation of flame retardants usually led to a reduction in physical properties due to the poor dispersibility and the high contents needed [ 157 , 158 , 159 ]. Thus, the motivation of researchers has been to develop flame-retardant modifiers to overcome flammability but without damaging other properties, such as T g [ 160 , 161 ]. In this sense, several research papers about phosphorus-containing HBPs can be found in the literature [ 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 ].…”

Section: Fire Retardancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Epoxy Thermosets with Hyperbranched and Multiarm Star Polymers: A Review

Santiago

Serra

2022

Polymers

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Hyperbranched polymers and multiarm star polymers are a type of dendritic polymers which have attracted substantial interest during the last 30 years because of their unique properties. They can be used to modify epoxy thermosets to increase their toughness and flexibility but without adversely affecting other properties such as reactivity or thermal properties. In addition, the final properties of materials can be tailored by modifying the structure, molecular weight, or type of functional end-groups of the hyperbranched and multiarm star polymers. In this review, we focus on the modification of epoxy-based thermosets with hyperbranched and multiarm star polymers in terms of the effect on the curing process of epoxy formulations, thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties, and their advantages in fire retardancy on the final thermosets.

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Hyperbranched flame retardant to simultaneously improve the fire-safety, toughness and glass transition temperature of epoxy resin

Cited by 35 publications

References 60 publications

Preparation and Curing Mechanism of Modified Corn Straw by 3-Glycidyl Ether Oxypropyl Trimethoxysilane/Epoxy Resin Composites

Preparation and Curing Mechanism of Modified Corn Straw by 3-Glycidyl Ether Oxypropyl Trimethoxysilane/Epoxy Resin Composites

Synthesis of Hyperbranched Flame Retardants with Varied Branched Chains’ Rigidity and Performance of Modified Epoxy Resins

Enhancement of Epoxy Thermosets with Hyperbranched and Multiarm Star Polymers: A Review

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