Hyperbranched polyesters as potential additives to control the surface tension of polymers

Grundke, Karina; Azizi, Mazen; Ziemer, Antje; Michel, Stefan; Pleul, Dieter; Simon, Frank; Voit, Brigitte; Kreitschmann, M.; Kierkus, Paul Ch.

doi:10.1007/bf02699540

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Likewise, ultrafiltration membranes comprised of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) matrix with polyacrylonitrile‐graft‐poly (ethylene oxide) comb copolymer additives3 have been found to possess antifouling ability, not present in the PAN material alone. Finally, blends of linear polyesters with hyperbranched polyester additives4 have been reported to considerably lower the surface tension of typical linear polymer matrix with weight fraction of 1%. While it can be concluded from these sorts of studies that highly branched additives are typically more surface active than their linear hosts, until recently,5 very little attention has been devoted to determining which of the many branched molecular topologies provides the greatest surface activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface tension of polystyrene blends: Theory and experiment

Qian

Minnikanti

Sauer

et al. 2009

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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Surface tension of linear-linear and star/linear polystyrene blends were measured using a modified Wilhelmy method. Our results show that for both polystyrene blend systems, the surface tension-composition profile is convex, indicating a strong surface excess of the component with lower surface energy. Star/linear blends display more convex surface tension profiles than their linear-linear counterparts, indicative of stronger surface segregation of the branched-component relative to linear chains. As a first step toward understanding the physical origin of enhancedsurface segregation of star polymers, self-consistent field (SCF) lattice simulations (both incompressible and compressible models) and Cahn-Hilliard theory were used to predict surface tension-composition profiles. Results from the lattice simulations indicate that the highly convex surface tension profiles observed in the star/linear blend systems are only possible if an architecture-dependent, Flory interaction parameter (v ¼ 0.004) is assumed. This conclusion is inconsistent with results from bulk differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, which indicate sharp glass transitions in both the star/linear and linear/linear homopolymer blends and a simple linear relationship between the bulk glass transition temperature and blend composition. To implement the Cahn-Hilliard theory, pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) data for each of the pure components in the blends were first measured and the data used as input for the theory. Consistent with the experimental data, Cahn-Hilliard theory predicts a larger surface excess of star molecules in linear hosts over a wide composition range. Significantly, this result is obtained assuming a nearly neutral interaction parameter between the linear and star components, indicating that the surface enrichment of the stars is not a consequence of complex phase behavior in the bulk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface tension of polystyrene blends: Theory and experiment

Qian

Minnikanti

Sauer

et al. 2009

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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“…In powder coating, hyperbranched polyester in combination with other polyester, epoxy, blocked urethane resin, or acrylic resin acts as crosslinker, flow promoter, or levelling agent to improve better surface finish and enhanced impact resistance properties than conventional polyester resins. It is also reported that hyperbranched aliphatic polyester has been used in powder coating formulation for low temperature curing and also acts as potential additives to control surface tension of the polymer . In the conventional method, high solid alkyd resins are developed either by reduction of resin viscosity (i.e., reduction of molecular weight) or by increasing oil length in the resin formulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of branching in hyperbranched alkyd on the performance of alkyd polyurethane coating

Jana

Koley

Dhar

2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Hyperbranched alkyd was synthesized by single‐step approach using trimethylolpropane, mono pentaerythritol as core material, and 2,2‐bis(methylol)propionic acid (DMPA), a combination of dehydrated castor oil fatty acid and coconut oil fatty acid as chain extender. A series of hyperbranched alkyds were prepared at different degree of branching in the alkyd structures by changing the amount of DMPA in the alkyd resin formulation. The resins were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and 1H‐nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic technique. These hyperbranched alkyds were converted into polyurethane coating after reaction with hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer at a definite ratio in the presence of dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst. The effect of branching and polymeric chain entanglement on the glass transition temperature, Tg of the alkyd polyurethane coating (APUC) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry technique. The performance of such APUC in terms of gloss, gloss retention under accelerated QUV radiation, natural outdoor exposed condition, mechanical, and corrosion resistance properties were enhanced with the increase of polymeric chain entanglement, i.e., compactness or higher order of branching in the alkyd resin structure. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45835.

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“…Dendritic polymers, characterized by their highly branched structures, process unique properties such as low viscosity, high solubility and large numbers of functional ending groups. They have a wide variety of applications as advanced coating fabricators, [1][2][3][4][5][6] linear polymer modiers, 7,8 thermo-responsive materials, [9][10][11][12] drug carriers, [13][14][15][16][17][18] nanocatalysts [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and supramolecular building blocks. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] The unique properties of dendritic polymers come from their special highly branched architectures.…”

Section: A Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transition behaviours of a single dendritic polymer

Wang

Chen

et al. 2014

Soft Matter

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Dendritic polymers with highly branching structures exhibit many unique properties. In this paper, a computational study using the Wang-Landau sampling technique is carried out to reveal the phase transition behaviours of dendritic homopolymers with various branching structures. Two types of dendritic homopolymers, dendrimers/dendrigrafts (D/D) and hyperbranched (HB) polymers are studied. It is found that with increasing degree of branching in the dendritic polymer, the liquid-solid (LS) transition temperature increases and the coil-globule (CG) transition becomes weak. Additionally, under similar degrees of branching and polymerization, D/D polymers have a higher LS transition temperature than HB polymers. The reason is that the D/D polymers have greater regularity in the radial distribution of the branching units, which facilitates monomer packing during the LS transition. The distinctive internal unit distribution at various temperatures is quantitatively analysed. Our results show the importance of dendritic polymer structure regularity in phase transition behaviours and are valuable in guiding the structural design of dendritic macromolecules for functionalization applications.

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Hyperbranched polyesters as potential additives to control the surface tension of polymers

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Surface tension of polystyrene blends: Theory and experiment

Surface tension of polystyrene blends: Theory and experiment

Effect of branching in hyperbranched alkyd on the performance of alkyd polyurethane coating

Phase transition behaviours of a single dendritic polymer

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