Hypercortisolemic Depression Is Associated With Increased Intra-Abdominal Fat

Weber-Hamann, Bettina; Hentschel, Frank; Kniest, Anja; Deuschle, Michael; Colla, Michael; Lederbogen, Florian; Heuser, Isabella

doi:10.1097/00006842-200203000-00010

Cited by 190 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Most importantly, our study confirmed the hypothesis that when both depression and high cortisol levels are present, the odds of the metabolic syndrome is increased. This is consistent with a study by Weber-Hamann et al (2002), who found among 45 older women that hypercortisolemic depression was associated with increased visceral fat and a larger accumulation of visceral fat over time (Weber-Hamann et al, 2006). How can it be explained that hypercortisolemic depression in particular is associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome?…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Hypercortisolemic depression is associated with the metabolic syndrome in late-life

Vogelzangs

Suthers

Ferrucci

et al. 2007

Psychoneuroendocrinology

195

168

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Depression has been linked to metabolic abnormalities, such as abdominal obesity, high blood pressure and insulin resistance (Raikkonen et al, 1996;Raikkonen et al, 2001;Weber-Hamann et al, 2002). Several pathways for these links have been suggested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypercortisolemic depression is associated with the metabolic syndrome in late-life

Vogelzangs

Suthers

Ferrucci

et al. 2007

Psychoneuroendocrinology

195

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Depression is associated with increased activity of the HPA axis and the sympathetic nervous system [24], resulting in increased cortisol release and increased release of the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine. Cortisol is a stress hormone, which stimulates glucose production, increases lipolysis and circulating free fatty acids, decreases insulin secretion from beta cells and decreases sensitivity to insulin [24][25][26][27]. It is postulated that a chronically high cortisol level, which is a feature of about 50% of depressed patients, results in obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [24,28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is postulated that a chronically high cortisol level, which is a feature of about 50% of depressed patients, results in obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [24,28,29]. Some studies found evidence for this hypothesis [27,28]. Epinephrine generates responses in glucose and fat metabolism similar to those of cortisol [26], also possibly resulting in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression as a risk factor for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A meta-analysis

et al. 2006

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Aims/hypothesis: Evidence strongly suggests that depression and type 2 diabetes are associated, but the direction of the association is still unclear. Depression may occur as a consequence of having diabetes, but may also be a risk factor for the onset of type 2 diabetes. This study examined the latter association by reviewing the literature and conducting a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies on this topic. Methods: Medline and PsycInfo were searched for articles published up to January 2005. All studies that examined the relationship between depression and the onset of type 2 diabetes were included. Pooled relative risks were calculated using fixed and random effects models. To explore sources of heterogeneity between studies, subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses were performed. Results: Nine studies met our inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. The pooled relative risk was 1.26 (1.13-1.39) using the fixed effects model and 1.37(1.14-1.63) using the random effects model. Heterogeneity between studies could not be explained by (1) whether studies controlled for undetected diabetes at baseline; (2) the method of diabetes assessment at followup; (3) the baseline overall risk of diabetes in the study population; and (4) follow-up duration. Conclusions/ interpretation: Depressed adults have a 37% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this relationship are still unclear and warrant further research. A randomised controlled study is needed to test whether effective prevention or treatment of depression can reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes and its health consequences.

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“…Any association between depression and coronary events has to be mediated by physiological factors. It is most likely that differences in activation states of the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis 40,41 or neuro-endocrine overstimulation of CRP or fibrinogen 2,42,43 might yield differences between depressed and non-depressed patients. However, in the present analysis, we did not control for them, as they may be involved as mediating pathways.…”

Section: Obesity and Depression K-h Ladwig Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effects of depressed mood and obesity on long-term cardiovascular risks in 1510 obese men and women: results from the MONICA–KORA Augsburg Cohort Study 1984–1998

et al. 2006

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Objective: To examine the contribution of depressed mood in obese subjects on the prediction of a future coronary heart disease event (CHD). Design: A prospective population-based cohort study of three independent cross-sectional surveys with 6239 subjects, 45-74 years of age and free of diagnosed CHD, stroke and cancer. During a mean follow-up of 7 years, 179 CHD events occurred among men and 50 events among women. Subjects: A total of 737 (23%) male and 773 (26%) female subjects suffering from obesity (BMI X30 kg/m 2 ). Measurements: Body weight determined by trained medical staff following a standardized protocol; standardized questionnaires to assess subsyndromal depressive mood and other psychosocial features. Results: The main effect of obesity to predict a future CHD (hazard ratio, HR ¼ 1.38, 95% CI 1.03-1.84; P ¼ 0.031) and the interaction term of obesity by depression (HR ¼ 1.73, 95% CI 0.98-3.05; P ¼ 0.060) were borderline significant, both covariate adjusted for multiple risk factors. Relative to the male subgroup with normal body weight and no depression, the male obese group with no depression was not at significantly increased risk for CHD events (HR ¼ 1.17, 95% CI 0.76-1.80; P ¼ 0.473) whereas CHD risk in males with both obesity and depressed mood was substantially increased (HR ¼ 2.32, 95% CI 1.45-3.72, P40.0001). The findings for women were similar, however, not significant probably owing to lack of power associated with low event rates. Combining obesity and depressed mood resulted in a relative risk to suffer from a future CHD event of HR 1.84 (95% CI 0.79-4.26; P ¼ 0.158). Conclusions: Depressed mood substantially amplifies the CHD risk of middle-aged obese, but otherwise apparently healthy men. The impact of depression on the obesity risk in women is less pronounced.

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Hypercortisolemic Depression Is Associated With Increased Intra-Abdominal Fat

Cited by 190 publications

References 17 publications

Hypercortisolemic depression is associated with the metabolic syndrome in late-life

Hypercortisolemic depression is associated with the metabolic syndrome in late-life

Depression as a risk factor for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A meta-analysis

Synergistic effects of depressed mood and obesity on long-term cardiovascular risks in 1510 obese men and women: results from the MONICA–KORA Augsburg Cohort Study 1984–1998

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