Hypereosinophilic Syndrome with Advanced-Stage Loeffler Endocarditis

Dzelebdzic, Sanja; Sasaki, Nao; Welch, Elizabeth; Muniz, Juan Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.case.2022.02.004

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[19][20][21] Only a limited number of pediatric cases exhibiting cardiac involvement have been documented. 7,22 Less than 10% of Loeffler endocarditis cases are observed in individuals under the age of 16. 23 Factors that increase the risk of cardiac damage in patients diagnosed with HES include HLA-Bw44 positivity, thrombocytopenia, elevated vitamin B12 levels, splenomegaly, and the presence of FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion tyrosine kinase.…”

Section: Epidemiology and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Loeffler endocarditis is caused by an elevated count of eosinophils, often associated with allergies, infections, malignancies, autoimmune events, parasite infection and Churg-Strauss syndrome, now termed eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. [6][7][8][9][10] The incidence of cardiac involvement in adults with HES presentations ranges from 40% to 50%. 11,12 This form of endocarditis is characterized by high morbidity and mortality with limited effective treatments at the advanced stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In-Depth Review of Loeffler Endocarditis: What Have We Learned?

Su,

Liang,

Lü

et al. 2024

JIR

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Loeffler endocarditis, eosinophilic endocarditis or eosinophilic endomyocardial disease are conditions associated with hypereosinophilia and they affect the heart function. Loeffler endocarditis is a rare endomyocardial disorder thought to be caused by eosinophilic damage. The disorder is characterized by inflammatory infiltration, formation of thrombus within cardiovascular system, and ultimately fibrosis of the afflicted area. It can lead to multiple severe complications, including thromboembolic disease, thickening of fibrous tissue in the endocardium of ventricles, valve involvement, apical obliteration, and various heart disorders. Although early clinical intervention can lead to remission, the underlying mechanisms of the disorder remain unresolved. In the present article, we summarise the existing literature concerning Loeffler endocarditis based on PubMed, Web of Science, and other medical databases to conduct an in-depth review of the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, staging, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of Loeffler endocarditis. Meanwhile, we provide novel patients data and clinical figures of Loeffler endocarditis to supplement the understanding of this cardiac disorder. The findings presented in this article provide a basis for further studies and can be used to improve management of the disorder.

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