Hyperglycemia and Obesity as Risk Factors for Severe Covid-19

Abstract

Background: Obesity and hyperglycemia are common in patients with COVID-19 and are associated with an aggravating risk of COVID-19. This study assesses hyperglycemia and obesity as risk factors for developing severe COVID-19. Method: Analytical observational research with the design used is a matched case-control study. This study divided subjects into two groups according to the dependent variable category of severe COVID-19 as a case and not as severe as a control group. In each group, a history of hyperglycemia and obesity was traced. The analysis includes descriptive tests, bivariate with Chi-Square and multivariate with linear logistic regression using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) 26. Result: 126 subjects divided into two groups with 63 subjects each. By age, the COVID-19 group was found to be severe, with an average of 57.9±12.731, and the COVID-19 group was not severe, with an average of 57.53±12.589. Hyperglycemia was associated with severe COVID-19 with a p-result of 0.000 (OR 11.8; CI 95% 3.819-36.456). Obesity was associated with severe COVID-19 with a result of p 0.001 (OR 4.6; CI 95% 1.8 – 11.756). Another covariant factor related to the severity of COVID-19 is Diabetes mellitus (OR: 4.6; CI 95% 2.148–10.137; p=0.028)cardiovascular disease (OR:4.7; 95% CI 1.258-17600; P=0.013),chronic lung disease(OR: 14.5; CI 95% 1.835-115.999).The results of multivariate analysis of Adj Odd Ratio10.038 (95% CI 2.447 – 41.172; P<0.001)and the association with obesity with the Adj Odd Ratio 4.846 (95% CI 1.187 – 19.789; P=0.028). Conclusion: Hyperglycemia and obesity are risk factors for severe COVID-19.