Hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial alterations in liver

Dey, Aparajita; Swaminathan, Kavitha

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2010.06.007

Cited by 60 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 122 publications

(170 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Three types of superoxide dismutases can be encountered in mammalian tissues: copper-zinc containing superoxide dismutase (SOD1) present in the cytosol, manganese containing superoxide dismutase (SOD2) found in the mitochondrial matrix and extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3). All three are highly expressed, mainly in the renal tubules of healthy kidneys [15,98,100]. The final product of the SOD activity -H 2 O 2 , is then converted into water and oxygen by the catalase (CAT).…”

Section: Enzymatic Antioxidant Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enzymatic Antioxidant Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, other functions such as the regulation of the body'sheatgeneration [2][3][4] programmed cell death [5][6][7], reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cell signaling [8] is also associated with mitochondria. Cellular vitality is directly related to mitochondria, and mitochondrial dysfunctions are frequent causes of accidental cell death [5,[9][10][11], cancer [12, 13], diabetes [14][15][16] and neurodegenerative diseases [17][18][19], among others.The characterization of the respiratory electron chain could be performed in studies using the fractionation of its components by certain detergents that at low concentrations break the interactions between proteins and lipids in the membranes, leaving associations between proteins intact [20]. In electron transport chain, through this process, four protein complexes were found.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The final product of the SOD activity -H 2 O 2 , is then converted into water and oxygen by the catalase (CAT). This enzyme is a homotetrameric protein containing four iron heme and largely located in the peroxisomes [15,100].Other important enzymatic antioxidants in the first line of defense include glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzymes. The GPX is a selenium-containing enzyme, catalyzes both the reduction of H 2 O 2 , and organic hydroperoxides to water or corresponding alcohols.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Oxidative Stress: Noxious but Also Vital

Bagatini¹,

Jaques²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2018

Novel Prospects in Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defenses determines the condition called oxidative stress. When there is an increase in ROS production or a decrease in the antioxidant defenses, this systemic antioxidant/pro-oxidant imbalance may lead to the accumulation of oxidative damage, which, in turn, may lead to a modification of biomolecules. These consist of reactions resulting in protein adducts, DNA oxidation, and formation of lipid peroxides, which, in turn, reduce the cellular functional capacity and increase the risk of disease development. The body has natural scavenging systems against free radicals and other reactive species. However, sometimes the endogenous antioxidant capacity is exceeded by the production of ROS. When this occurs, exogenous antioxidants exert important function for the human health. These bioactive compounds act preventing and neutralizing the formation of new reactive species and free radical s .I ns o m ec a s e s ,a n increase of ROS can help the host to resolve an infection or even to control the tumor growth. Finally, the levels of ROS can be perceived by signal transduction pathways involving known targets(i.e.,p53,Ras,andNF-κB) and regulate physiopathological events such as the cellular cycle, apoptosis, and inflammation.Keywords: reactive species, cellular oxidation, antioxidant system, health, disease © 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Cellular respiration and generation of reactive species in the mitochondria: implications in cell viability and agingOxidative phosphorylation is the center of energy metabolism in plants, animals and several microbial life forms [1]. In eukaryotes, this process occurs in mitochondria. The mitochondria is a cytoplasmic organelle surrounded by two membranes, outer and inner membrane, which main function is the production of most of the phosphate compounds necessary for the energetic balance of the cell. In addition, other functions such as the regulation of the body'sheatgeneration [2][3][4] programmed cell death [5][6][7], reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cell signaling [8] is also associated with mitochondria. Cellular vitality is directly related to mitochondria, and mitochondrial dysfunctions are frequent causes of accidental cell death [5,[9][10][11], cancer [12, 13], diabetes [14][15][16] and neurodegenerative diseases [17][18][19], among others.The characterization of the respiratory electron chain could be performed in studies using the fractionation of its components by certain detergents that at low concentrations break the interactions between proteins and lipids in the membranes, leaving associations between proteins intact [20]. In electron transport chain, through this process, four protein complexes were found....

show abstract

Section: Enzymatic Antioxidant Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enzymatic Antioxidant Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Oxidative Stress: Noxious but Also Vital

Bagatini¹,

Jaques²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2018

Novel Prospects in Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Normal glucose concentration in the blood is reported to be about 100 mg/dL (2,7), and that of diabetics is ranged between175 mg/dL and 400 mg/dL (10). About 20% changes in human serum albumin under diabetic condition are induced by non-enzymatic glycosylation (11), and this extent of changes largely happens in the lysine residue 525.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Serum Albumin Structure in Presence of Different Concentrations of Cortisol and Glucose: An In Vitro Modeling Under Normal and Hyperglycemic Conditions

Amini-Geram

Goshadrou

Ebrahim‐Habibi

et al. 2016

Iran Red Crescent Med J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Glucose is an essential element in the supply of body's energy. In diseases such as diabetes, glucose increase is associated with disturbance in metabolism. Cortisol is an important hormone in the regulation of glucose metabolism, and human serum albumin (HSA) is one of the most important glucose and cortisol transmitters in blood. Interaction between albumin and these ligands could affect HSA secondary structure and its stability. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate HSA secondary structure in the presence of different concentrations of glucose and cortisol. Methods: This was an in vitro (analytical/descriptive) study in which, completely randomized design was used to study the interaction between human serum albumin

show abstract

Microengineered Multi‐Organoid System from hiPSCs to Recapitulate Human Liver‐Islet Axis in Normal and Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a systematic multi-organ metabolic disease, which is characterized by the dynamic interplay among different organs. The increasing incidence of T2DM reflects an urgent need for the development of in vitro human-relevant models for disease study and drug therapy. Here, a new microfluidic multi-organoid system is developed that recapitulates the human liver-pancreatic islet axis in normal and disease states. The system contains two compartmentalized regions connected by a microchannel network, enabling 3D co-culture of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC)-derived liver and islet organoids for up to 30 days under circulatory perfusion conditions. The co-cultured liver and islet organoids exhibit favorable growth and improved tissue-specific functions. Transcriptional analyses reveal the activation of metabolically relevant signaling pathways in the co-cultured organoids. Notably, the co-culture system facilitates sensitive glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from islet organoids and increased glucose utilization in liver organoids by glucose tolerance tests. Both liver and islet organoids display mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased glucose transport capacity under high glucose conditions, which can be alleviated by metformin treatment. This novel multi-organoid system can recapitulate human-relevant liver-islet axis under both physiological and pathological conditions, providing a unique platform for future T2DM research and drug development.

show abstract

Hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial alterations in liver

Cited by 60 publications

References 122 publications

Oxidative Stress: Noxious but Also Vital

Oxidative Stress: Noxious but Also Vital

Human Serum Albumin Structure in Presence of Different Concentrations of Cortisol and Glucose: An In Vitro Modeling Under Normal and Hyperglycemic Conditions

Microengineered Multi‐Organoid System from hiPSCs to Recapitulate Human Liver‐Islet Axis in Normal and Type 2 Diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About