Hypergravity induces vertebrae and otolith deformation in medaka fish

Chatani, Masahiro; Mitsuhashi, Aiko; Dodo, Yusuke; Sakai, Nobuhiro; Miki, Takami

doi:10.2187/bss.33.12

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Using a centrifuge designed for small-fish rearing, the effect of hypergravity on medaka reared for 6 months under normal gravity (1 g ) or under gravity, approximately 5 times normal (5 g ) was investigated 45 . Micro-computer tomography analysis revealed that although the fish were able to maintain body posture and position, hypergravity gradually induced vertebral curvature towards the dorsal side and asymmetric formation of otoliths in which the cross-sectional area was increased.…”

Section: Recent Jaxa Space Missions Related To Muscle and Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

Findings from recent studies by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency examining musculoskeletal atrophy in space and on Earth

et al. 2021

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The musculoskeletal system provides the body with correct posture, support, stability, and mobility. It is composed of the bones, muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissues. Without effective countermeasures, prolonged spaceflight under microgravity results in marked muscle and bone atrophy. The molecular and physiological mechanisms of this atrophy under unloaded conditions are gradually being revealed through spaceflight experiments conducted by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency using a variety of model organisms, including both aquatic and terrestrial animals, and terrestrial experiments conducted under the Living in Space project of the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology. Increasing our knowledge in this field will lead not only to an understanding of how to prevent muscle and bone atrophy in humans undergoing long-term space voyages but also to an understanding of countermeasures against age-related locomotive syndrome in the elderly.

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Section: Recent Jaxa Space Missions Related To Muscle and Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

Findings from recent studies by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency examining musculoskeletal atrophy in space and on Earth

et al. 2021

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“…This situation was tested on swordtail fish and medaka otoliths (Anken et al, 1998;Ijiri et al, 2003;Brungs et al, 2011;Anken et al, 2016) and larvae bone development (Aceto et al, 2015;Chatani et al, 2015), but its effects on early ontogeny (hatching capability) are as yet poorly described. A recent research showed that six month exposition at 5 g can induce vertebral curvatures and asysmetric otoliths (Chatani et al, 2019). However, the duration of exposure to hypergravity during a launch to the Moon or Mars will be about 10 min, the time to extract the embryos from the Earth's attraction.…”

Section: Studying the Feasibility Of Sending Aquaculture Fish Embryos To The Moon: The Lunar Hatch Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space Aquaculture: Prospects for Raising Aquatic Vertebrates in a Bioregenerative Life-Support System on a Lunar Base

Przybyla

2021

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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The presence of a human community on the Moon or on Mars for long-term residence would require setting up a production unit allowing partial or total food autonomy. One of the major objectives of a bioregenerative life-support system is to provide food sources for crewed missions using in situ resources and converting these into the food necessary to sustain life in space. The nutritive quality of aquatic organisms makes them prospective candidates to supplement the nutrients supplied by photosynthetic organisms already studied in the context of space missions. To this end, it is relevant to study the potential of fish to be the first vertebrate reared in the framework of space agriculture. This article investigates the prospects of space aquaculture through an overview of the principal space missions involving fish in low orbit and a detailed presentation of the results to date of the Lunar Hatch program, which is studying the possibility of space aquaculture. A promising avenue is recirculating aquaculture systems and integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, which recycles fish waste to convert it into food. In this sense, the development and application of space aquaculture shares the same objectives with sustainable aquaculture on Earth, and thus could indirectly participate in the preservation of our planet.

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“…Hatched medaka larvae from Cab or TRAP-GFP/ Osterix-DsRed double transgenic lines were placed in bottles (Nunc EasyFlask 75 cm 2 , Thermo Scientific) containing 200 ml of rearing water, then in an incubator for three days with light blocked. For the 5g condition, that was generated by spinning with a centrifuge (LIX-140SP, Tomy Seiko Co., Ltd) at 160 rpm (Chatani et al 2019).…”

Section: Rearing Larvae In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1g control group was placed stationary on a desk. For the 5g (5.29 times greater than normal gravity) group, that was generated by centrifuge spinning at 160 rpm (Chatani et al 2019), while the s-μg group was rotated in a clinostat device (Zeromo CL-100, Kitagawa). Larvae were removed from the agarose gel after three days and signals indicating calcification were observed using a fluorescence microscope (M205FA, Leica).…”

Section: Rearing Larvae In Agarose Gelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, clinostat devices have been used for examinations of the effects of microgravity on earth, as it has an ability to cancel the sum of the gravity vector as a time average by changing its direction (Borst and Van Loon 2009). Another study reported bone changes in zebrafish larvae reared in clinostats in water rather than gels (Aceto et al 2016), while in our previous examination of hypergravity, young adult medaka were reared under a 5g condition for six months, which resulted in findings showing spine curvature and otolith formation defects (Chatani et al 2019). More recently, it was reported that hypergravity (6g) induced abnormal chondrocyte formation in zebrafish larvae (Lawrence et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Investigation of osteogenesis changes in medaka larvae reared in normal gravity, simulated-microgravity and hypergravity environments

2021

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Bones are important organs for body resistance against force produced by gravity, though the influence of gravity on bone development is unclear. To examine the effects of gravity on osteogenesis, medaka larvae were reared in water or gel under various conditions. For determining the effects on bone development in a state of motion, larvae were reared in water under normal gravity (1g) or hypergravity (5g) conditions. Also, to examine the direct effect of gravity on bone mineralization, larvae were embedded in low melting agarose gel containing alizarin complexone (ALC) and reared for three days under a normal gravity (1g), simulated-microgravity (s-μg) with use of a clinostat device, or 5g condition. Medaka reared in water under the 5g condition showed forward protruding jaws and spreading of the mineralized area of jaw teeth as compared to those reared under the 1g control condition. In addition, the direction of growth of the notochord in the fin region was changed upward in those reared under the 5g condition, accompanied by a part of acetylated tubulinpositive nerves also localized upward, while positive signals for DsRed, expressed by an osterix promoter, in osteoblasts were increased in the fin region. On the other hand, in medaka reared in gel, ALC signals in the fin ray of those in the s-μg condition were increased as compared to those in the 5g condition. Changes noted in medaka larvae over three days indicated osteogenesis adaptation to the specific gravity environment. The present results obtained with an experimental system are considered useful for examinations in the future regarding changes of osteogenesis, which will be needed to clarify the mechanism of the effects of gravity on bone development.

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Hypergravity induces vertebrae and otolith deformation in medaka fish

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Findings from recent studies by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency examining musculoskeletal atrophy in space and on Earth

Findings from recent studies by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency examining musculoskeletal atrophy in space and on Earth

Space Aquaculture: Prospects for Raising Aquatic Vertebrates in a Bioregenerative Life-Support System on a Lunar Base

Investigation of osteogenesis changes in medaka larvae reared in normal gravity, simulated-microgravity and hypergravity environments

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