Hyperhomocysteinaemia is an independent risk factor for peripheral arterial disease in a Chinese Han population

Abstract

Introduction Hyperhomocysteineamia (HHcy) has long been suggested as a risk factor for atherosclerosis. However the association between HHcy and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is still controversial. There is a lack of research on this topic in the Chinese population. This study aims to provide further results. Methods 240 PAD patients and 240 control subjects were evaluated for both serum total homocysteine levels and ankle brachial indexes (ABIs). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between HHcy and the risk of developing PAD. Interaction and stratified analyses were conducted according to age, sex, smoking status, drinking status, and histories of chronic disease. Results The multivariate logistic analyses revealed that the risk of PAD was significantly associated with serum homocysteine levels. The interaction analysis showed no interactive role in the association between HHcy and PAD, indicating that homocysteine was associated with PAD independent of classical vascular risk factors. Conclusion In conclusion, HHcy is an independent risk factor for PAD in the Chinese Han population. A prospective and randomized clinical trial of homocysteine lowering therapy in the Chinese population is needed to assess the causal nature of the relationship.

Effects of Hypoxia and Bed Rest on Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk: Compensatory Changes in Circulating TRAIL and Glutathione Redox Capacity

“…Healthy volunteers confined in a hypoxic facility, investigated during enforced bed rest or in ambulatory condition, provided an appropriate model to investigate the separated and combined effects of normobaric hypoxia and muscle unloading on development of cardiovascular risk ( Debevec et al, 2014 ). We have selected a number of metabolic (circulating and cell membrane lipids, reverse cholesterol transport enzymes, homocysteine), immune (circulating acute phase proteins) and redox (intracellular glutathione status and kinetics) biomarkers linked to atherosclerosis ( Ashfaq et al, 2006 ; Sasaki et al, 2012 ; Watkins and Hotamisligil, 2012 ; Gortan Cappellari et al, 2013 ; Rong et al, 2017 ) and potentially affected by decreased oxygen availability and/or muscle unloading ( Blaise et al, 2005 ; Biolo et al, 2008 ; Bosutti et al, 2008 ; Mazzucco et al, 2010a ; Bruning et al, 2012 ). In addition, we have determined the circulating levels of TRAIL ( Biolo et al, 2012 ), which are also potentially upregulated by oxygen availability ( Huang et al, 2011 ; Liu et al, 2015 ).…”

Associations Between Elevated Plasma Total Homocysteine Level and Risk of Thromboangiitis Obliterans in a Chinese Population: A Matched Case-Control Study

“…Elevated plasma total homocysteine level was defined as that >15 mmol/L, as we described in previous studies based on the laboratory reference range. 18…”

<p>Joint Effects of Plasma Homocysteine Concentration and Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors on the Risk of New-Onset Peripheral Arterial Disease</p>

“…11 Because PAD is one of the manifestations of systemic atherosclerosis, the potential association between Hcy and PAD has been a subject of great interest. However, studies of the relationship between Hcy and PAD have yielded inconsistent results, [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and it requires further characterization in Chinese populations. This is important because there are ethnic disparities in the genetic variations in Hcy metabolic enzymes and lifestyle diversity affecting nutritional status.…”