Hyperhomocysteinemia, a Biochemical Tool for Differentiating Ischemic and Nonischemic Central Retinal Vein Occlusion during the Early Acute Phase

Lahiri, Kapil Deb; Mukherjee, Somnath; Ghosh, Sambuddha; Mukherjee, Suman; Dutta, Jayanta; Datta, Himadri; Das, Harendra Nath

doi:10.3341/kjo.2015.29.2.86

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A study by Lahiri et al compared the levels of plasma homocysteine in adult age ≥ 50 years old affected with iCRVO (n=108) (defined by Hayreh's morphological criteria described in section II. Definitions, above), with non-iCRVO (n=144) and age and sex matched healthy controls (166) . Homocysteine level was significantly increased in patients with iCRVO when compared with that in non-iCRVO patients and control subjects (166) .…”

Section: A Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Definitions, above), with non-iCRVO (n=144) and age and sex matched healthy controls (166) . Homocysteine level was significantly increased in patients with iCRVO when compared with that in non-iCRVO patients and control subjects (166) . Other reported potential associations include deficiencies of the coagulation inhibitor proteins C and S and antithrombin III, whereas the role of reduced levels of Factor XII remains controversial with some studies suggesting an association while others do not (8,23,160,278) .…”

Section: A Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ischemic retinal vein occlusion: characterizing the more severe spectrum of retinal vein occlusion

Khayat

Williams

Lois

2018

Survey of Ophthalmology

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Retinal vein occlusion (RVO)-including central RVO, branch RVO, and hemicentral and hemispheric RVO-is the second most common vascular cause of visual loss, surpassed only by diabetic retinopathy. The presence and extent of retinal ischemia in RVO is associated with a worse prognosis. On this basis, most previously conducted studies considered ischemic retinal vein occlusion (iRVO) and non-iRVO as separate entities based on set thresholds of existing retinal ischemia as determined by fundus fluorescein angiography. Other diagnostic technologies have been used specifically in the differentiation of ischemic central retinal vein occlusion and nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion. To date, there is no fully accepted definition for iRVO. Some clinicians and researchers may favor establishing a clear differentiation between these forms of RVO; others may prefer not to consider iRVO as a separate entity. Whatever the case, retinal ischemia in RVO confers a higher risk of visual loss and neovascular complications; thus, it should be determined as accurately as possible in patients with this disease and be considered in clinical and experimental studies. Most recently conducted clinical trials evaluating new treatments for macular edema secondary to RVO included none or only few patients with iRVO based on previous definitions (i.e., few patients with sizeable areas of retinal ischemia were recruited in these trials), and thus it is unclear whether the results observed in recruited patients could be extrapolated to those with retinal ischemia. There has been scant research aiming at developing and/or testing treatments for retinal ischemia, as well as to prevent new vessel formation as a result of RVO. We provide a detailed review of the knowledge gathered over the years on iRVO, from controversies on its definition and diagnosis to the understanding of its epidemiology, risk factors and pathogenesis, the structural and functional effects of this disease in the eye and its complications, natural history, and outcomes after treatment. In each section, the definition of iRVO used is given so, independently of whether iRVO is considered a separate clinical entity or a more severe end of the spectrum of RVO, the information will be useful to clinicians to determine patient's risk, guide therapeutic decisions, and counsel patients and for researchers to design future studies.

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Section: A Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ischemic retinal vein occlusion: characterizing the more severe spectrum of retinal vein occlusion

Khayat

Williams

Lois

2018

Survey of Ophthalmology

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“…After screening of all titles and abstracts of potentially relevant articles, a total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria ( Fig. 1 ) 11 , 12 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , while three studies were excluded from the meta-analysis for reporting reasons, since they did not include mean ± SD values 26 , 27 , 28 . The study characteristics are shown in Table 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin B12 and Folate as Risk Factors for Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Meta-Analysis

Kazantzis

Theodossiadis

Κroupis

et al. 2021

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd

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Purpose To evaluate the association between serum vitamin B12/folate and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Methods A comprehensive search of the PubMed database was performed, which identified 271 abstracts to be screened. Ten studies met our inclusion criteria and a meta-analysis of these comparative case-control studies was performed on the mean ± standard deviation serum vitamin B12 and folate levels, without language restrictions. Nine studies with 720 patients with RVO and 613 controls were included in the meta-analysis for vitamin B12, and 10 studies with 784 patients with RVO and 677 controls in the meta-analysis for folate. Results There was no statistically significant difference between patients with RVO and controls in serum vitamin B12 levels (mean difference: − 40.25 pg/mL, p = 0.28), either central RVO (mean difference: − 18.24 pg/mL, p = 0.71) or branch RVO (mean difference: − 23.56 pg/mL, p = 0.48). On the contrary, the plasma folate level was significantly lower in RVO patients than in controls (mean difference: − 1.34 ng/mL, p = 0.001), as well as in patients with CRVO compared to controls (mean difference: − 1.48 ng/mL, p = 0.006), but not in BRVO patients (mean difference: − 0.72 ng/mL, p = 0.11). Conclusions RVO is associated with low serum folate levels, but not with serum vitamin B12 levels.

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“…An interesting study was presented by Francesco Sofia et al, who demonstrated on 262 patients with RVO that low levels of vitamin B6 and folic acid, and elevated levels of homocysteine are independently associated with an increased risk of retinal vein occlusion, while the level of vitamin B12 is not statistically significant [96]. Despite the findings of Cahill and Sofi's research, other studies have indicated a connection between low levels of vitamin B12 and the occurrence of retinal vein occlusion [97,98].…”

Section: Homocysteine B Vitamins and Folic Acidmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevention and Treatment of Retinal Vein Occlusion: The Role of Diet—A Review

Lendzioszek,

Mrugacz,

Bryl

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the second most common retinal disorder. In comparison to diabetic retinopathy or age-related macular degeneration, RVO is usually an unexpected event that carries a greater psychological impact. There is strong evidence to suggest that cardiovascular diseases are the most common risk factors in this pathology and it has long been known that a higher consumption of fish, nuts, fruits, and vegetables has a protective effect against these types of conditions. In the last several years, interest in plant-based diets has grown in both the general population and in the scientific community, to the point to which it has become one of the main dietary patterns adopted in Western countries. The aim of this review is to investigate the potential impact of macro- and micronutrients on retinal vein occlusion.

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Hyperhomocysteinemia, a Biochemical Tool for Differentiating Ischemic and Nonischemic Central Retinal Vein Occlusion during the Early Acute Phase

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Ischemic retinal vein occlusion: characterizing the more severe spectrum of retinal vein occlusion

Ischemic retinal vein occlusion: characterizing the more severe spectrum of retinal vein occlusion

Vitamin B12 and Folate as Risk Factors for Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Meta-Analysis

Prevention and Treatment of Retinal Vein Occlusion: The Role of Diet—A Review

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