Hyperinsulinemia Instead of Insulin Resistance Induces Baroreflex Dysfunction in Chronic Insulin-Infused Rats

Hong, Ling-Zong; Hsieh, Po‐Shiuan

doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2006.11.004

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Thus, activity within the central autonomic network may link insulin resistance to blunted BRS (37). However, experimental data obtained from a chronic hyperinsulinemic model suggest that chronic hyperinsulinemia rather than insulin resistance could contribute to baroreflex dysfunction, possibly due to insulin-mediated central effects of sympathoexcitation and vagal withdrawal (38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment in Baroreflex Sensitivity in Recent-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Without Progression Over 5 Years

et al. 2020

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Impaired baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) predicts cardiovascular mortality and is prevalent in long-term diabetes. We determined spontaneous BRS in patients with recentonset diabetes and its temporal sequence over 5 years by recording beat-to-beat blood pressure and R-R intervals over 10 min. Four time domain and four frequency domain BRS indices were computed in participants from the German Diabetes Study baseline cohort with recent-onset type 1/type 2 diabetes (n 5 206/381) and age-matched glucose-tolerant control subjects (control 1/control 2: n 5 65/83) and subsets of consecutive participants with type 1/type 2 diabetes who reached the 5-year follow-up (n 5 84/137). Insulin sensitivity (Mvalue) was determined using a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. After appropriate adjustment, three frequency domain BRS indices were reduced in type 2 diabetes compared with control 2 and were positively associated with the M-value and inversely associated with fasting glucose and HbA 1c (P < 0.05), whereas BRS was preserved in type 1 diabetes. After 5 years, a decrease in one and four BRS indices was observed in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively (P < 0.05), which was explained by the physiologic age-dependent decline. Unlike patients with well-controlled recentonset type 1 diabetes, those with type 2 diabetes show early baroreflex dysfunction, likely due to insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, albeit without progression over 5 years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment in Baroreflex Sensitivity in Recent-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Without Progression Over 5 Years

et al. 2020

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“…Additionally, the hyperinsulinaemia or insulin resistance observed in OZRs may also affect baroreflex function. Although infusion of insulin into Sprague–Dawley rats either peripherally or centrally appears to increase baroreflex sensitivity independent of blood glucose levels (Hong & Hsieh, 2007; Pritcher et al 2008), insulin resistance can be associated with reduced transport of insulin to the brain. For example, baroreflexes are reduced in pregnancy in association with insulin resistance and decreased concentrations of insulin in the cerebrospinal fluid, and baroreflex function is restored by administration of the insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone (Daubert et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuated baroreflex control of sympathetic nerve activity in obese Zucker rats by central mechanisms

Huber

Schreihofer

2010

The Journal of Physiology

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“…It has been suggested to lead to autonomic dysfunction, which subsequently leads to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (22). A rat model in which chronic hyperinsulinemia was induced showed that the chronic high levels of insulin caused tachycardia and arterial baroreflex abnormalities independent of insulin resistance (23). Chronic hyperinsulinemia has also been proposed to promote coagulation and inflammation, which have recently been implicated in the development of the cardiometabolic syndrome (24,25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasting insulin has a stronger association with an adverse cardiometabolic risk profile than insulin resistance: the RISC study

Rooij

Dekker

Kozàkovà

et al. 2009

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Fasting insulin concentrations are often used as a surrogate measure of insulin resistance. We investigated the relative contributions of fasting insulin and insulin resistance to cardiometabolic risk and preclinical atherosclerosis. Design and methods: The Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular disease (RISC) cohort consists of 1326 European non-diabetic, overall healthy men and women aged 30-60 years. We performed standard oral glucose tolerance tests and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps. As a general measure of cardiovascular risk, we assessed the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in 1177 participants. Carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) was measured by ultrasound to assess preclinical atherosclerosis. Results: Fasting insulin was correlated with all elements of the metabolic syndrome. Insulin sensitivity (M/I) was correlated with most elements. The odds ratio for the metabolic syndrome of those in the highest quartile of fasting insulin compared with those in the lower quartiles was 5.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.8-10.3, adjusted for insulin sensitivity) in men and 5.1 (2.6-9.9) in women. The odds ratio for metabolic syndrome of those with insulin sensitivity in the lowest quartile of the cohort compared with those in the higher quartiles was 2.4 (95% CI 1.3-4.7, adjusted for fasting insulin) in men and 1.6 (0.8-3.1) in women. Carotid IMT was only statistically significantly associated with fasting insulin in both men and women. Conclusions: Fasting insulin, a simple and practical measure, may be a stronger and independent contributor to cardiometabolic risk and atherosclerosis in a healthy population than hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp-derived insulin sensitivity.

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Hyperinsulinemia Instead of Insulin Resistance Induces Baroreflex Dysfunction in Chronic Insulin-Infused Rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Impairment in Baroreflex Sensitivity in Recent-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Without Progression Over 5 Years

Impairment in Baroreflex Sensitivity in Recent-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Without Progression Over 5 Years

Attenuated baroreflex control of sympathetic nerve activity in obese Zucker rats by central mechanisms

Fasting insulin has a stronger association with an adverse cardiometabolic risk profile than insulin resistance: the RISC study

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