Hyperlactemia Induction Modes Affect the Lactate Minimum Power and Physiological Responses in Cycling

Zagatto, Alessandro Moura; Padulo, Johnny; Müller, Paulo T. G.; Miyagi, Willian Eiji; Malta, Elvis de Souza; Papoti, Marcelo

doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000000490

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[31] have shown the same results during Wingate tests [50] in the field condition. They found a 20 % power output increase compared with seated position.…”

Section: Effect Of the Riding Positionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Optimisation of starting conditions in track cycling

et al. 2014

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Purpose Several factors may influence cycling performance and effort intensity during cycling competitions. The present study aimed to investigate the conditions that may influence the initial acceleration during the first 5 m of a cycling competition, particularly riding position, starting angle of the crank and hand position on handlebars. To this aim, eight male cyclists amateur were tested in laboratory and on track. Methods Surface electromyography was also used to verify the influence of upper body on muscle activity. Moreover, to verify the results, 59 professional cyclists were observed on the track using the same set-up. Results Standing position increased by 10 % the initial speed and acceleration compared to seated position. A starting crank angle of 71° and the position of the hands on the upper bar of the handlebar also improved the acceleration. The effects of these parameters were additive and, therefore, the acceleration with standing position and initial crank angle of 71° was about 35 % greater than that with seated position with an initial crank angle of 47°. Conclusions These effects were especially important when analysing the results of competitive athletes, which also showed better initial acceleration under spontaneously adopted optimal initial conditions. 2014 Springer-Verlag Italia

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“…[31] have shown the same results during Wingate tests [50] in the field condition. They found a 20 % power output increase compared with seated position.…”

Section: Effect Of the Riding Positionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Optimisation of starting conditions in track cycling

et al. 2014

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“…As previously noted, the LMT is composed of three phases, making this test potentially dependent on protocol manipulations (Ribeiro et al, 2009). Thus, studies have aimed to investigate whether the hyperlactatemia induction (Smith et al, 2002; Johnson et al, 2009; Zagatto et al, 2014), recovery (Denadai and Higino, 2004; Ribeiro et al, 2009) and the incremental exercise (Carter et al, 1999b; Ribeiro et al, 2003; Sotero et al, 2007; Pardono et al, 2008; Johnson and Sharpe, 2011; Miyagi et al, 2013) may affect the LMI determination (Table 1). …”

Section: Can the Lmt Be Influenced By Methodological Aspects?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this interesting result, the authors pointed out the necessity of considering other methodological aspects rather than creating a hyperlactatemia state, such as the starting intensity and the workload increment in phase 3. Conversely, Zagatto et al (2014) criticized the Smith's study mainly based on the 1 min exercise stage used. According to these authors, the 1 min stage is not sufficient to allow muscle-blood lactate efflux, underestimating the blood lactate concentration to its respective intensity.…”

Section: Can the Lmt Be Influenced By Methodological Aspects?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to these authors, the 1 min stage is not sufficient to allow muscle-blood lactate efflux, underestimating the blood lactate concentration to its respective intensity. With a similar approach, Zagatto et al (2014) proposed the effects of the hyperlactatemia induction protocol on LMI seems to occur when very strong exercises are used.…”

Section: Can the Lmt Be Influenced By Methodological Aspects?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Can this test be influenced by methodological aspects related to the hyperlactatemia induction, recovery and incremental exercise? Evidence has drawn opposite conclusions regarding the influence of the hyperlactatemia induction modes on determination of the LMT parameters (Smith et al, 2002; Zagatto et al, 2014). These controversies require a balanced discussion of the topic, since its necessity during the LMT is indispensable (see explanation on the next section).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Lactate Minimum Test: Concept, Methodological Aspects and Insights for Future Investigations in Human and Animal Models

et al. 2017

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In 1993, Uwe Tegtbur proposed a useful physiological protocol named the lactate minimum test (LMT). This test consists of three distinct phases. Firstly, subjects must perform high intensity efforts to induce hyperlactatemia (phase 1). Subsequently, 8 min of recovery are allowed for transposition of lactate from myocytes (for instance) to the bloodstream (phase 2). Right after the recovery, subjects are submitted to an incremental test until exhaustion (phase 3). The blood lactate concentration is expected to fall during the first stages of the incremental test and as the intensity increases in subsequent stages, to rise again forming a “U” shaped blood lactate kinetic. The minimum point of this curve, named the lactate minimum intensity (LMI), provides an estimation of the intensity that represents the balance between the appearance and clearance of arterial blood lactate, known as the maximal lactate steady state intensity (iMLSS). Furthermore, in addition to the iMLSS estimation, studies have also determined anaerobic parameters (e.g., peak, mean, and minimum force/power) during phase 1 and also the maximum oxygen consumption in phase 3; therefore, the LMT is considered a robust physiological protocol. Although, encouraging reports have been published in both human and animal models, there are still some controversies regarding three main factors: (1) the influence of methodological aspects on the LMT parameters; (2) LMT effectiveness for monitoring training effects; and (3) the LMI as a valid iMLSS estimator. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide a balanced discussion between scientific evidence of the aforementioned issues, and insights for future investigations are suggested. In summary, further analyses is necessary to determine whether these factors are worthy, since the LMT is relevant in several contexts of health sciences.

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