Hyperleptinaemia in young adults following cranial irradiation in childhood: growth hormone deficiency or leptin insensitivity?

Brennan, Bernadette; Rahim, Asad; Blum, WF; Adams, Judith; Eden, O. B.; Shalet, Stephen M

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00622.x

Cited by 99 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Like earlier studies, we found a negative correlation between circulating GH and leptin levels (38). Furthermore, Brennan et al (39) found higher leptin concentrations per kg fat mass in adults with hypothalamic-pituitary disease compared with normal controls and hypothesised that the relative hyperleptinemia in these patients could be caused by radiation damage to the hypothalamus. We could not confirm this finding, since we did not find any difference in leptin concentration/kg fat mass, either between the GH-deficient and non-GH-deficient patients or between the CRT þ and CRT 2 patients in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Body composition in young adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Jarfelt¹,

Lannering²,

Bosæus³

et al. 2005

eur j endocrinol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Obesity is frequently reported in patients treated for childhood leukaemia. Obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, is one of the main characteristics of the metabolic syndrome and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Design: All patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) before the onset of puberty in the region of western Sweden, between 1973 and, and in first remission, were included. 35 out of 47 patients aged 20-32 years participated. 19 patients had received cranial radiotherapy, and the median follow-up time was 20 years. The focus of this report was to study body composition and signs of the metabolic syndrome and correlate the findings to spontaneous growth hormone (GH) secretion. Methods: Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorbtiometry (DEXA). We analyzed serum concentrations of insulin, glucose, leptin and lipids. Results: No patient was obese according to World Health Organization criteria (body mass index, BMI $ 30 kg/m 2 ) but one-third were overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m 2 ). The maximal GH peak during 24 h (GH max ) was correlated to percentage of total body fat (r ¼ 2 0.42; P ¼ 0.017), trunk fat (r ¼ 2 0.5; P ¼ 0.005) and fat-free mass (r ¼ 0.42; P ¼ 0.017). GH max was also correlated to s-triglycerides (r ¼ 2 0.54; P ¼ 0.001), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (r ¼ 2 0.382; P ¼ 0.024) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (r ¼ 0.45; P ¼ 0.007). Conclusions: We found little effect on BMI but an increased percentage of total body fat, especially trunk fat, and a tendency for an unfavourable lipid profile in adult survivors of childhood leukaemia. These findings were related to low endogenous GH secretion due to cranial irradiation. European Journal of Endocrinology 153 81-89

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Body composition in young adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Jarfelt¹,

Lannering²,

Bosæus³

et al. 2005

eur j endocrinol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…10,11,14,34,47,51,60 However, the other 15 studies did not find evidence of a gender difference. [6][7][8]12,15,28,31,33,36,38,47,[52][53][54]62 FIGURE 2…”

Section: Obesity In Pediatric All Survivors By Patient and Treatment mentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Five studies directly compared the BMI of the survivors with the external controls. These studies either reported similar ranges of BMI between survivors (24.0-27.4) and controls (23.7-27.1) 7,15,47,48 or reported only slightly higher BMI in survivors than in controls (27.9 vs 26.8). 6 Although different definitions were used to assess obesity, there was a consistently high prevalence of overweight/obesity in both recent and long-term survivors.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Obesity In Pediatric All Survivorsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Obesity in Pediatric ALL Survivors: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity in Pediatric ALL Survivors: A Meta-Analysis abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Previous studies of survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have drawn heterogeneous conclusions regarding the prevalence of obesity and risk factors for developing obesity in pediatric ALL survivors. We sought to determine the prevalence of obesity in pediatric ALL survivors and examine risk factors for obesity through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS:A MEDLINE search was performed from its inception through 2013. Studies met the inclusion criteria if they (1) included at least 10 survivors of pediatric ALL; (2) assessed the prevalence or indicators of obesity; and (3) compared obesity among ALL survivors to a reference population or external control group. Extracted data included patient and treatment characteristics, study design, population used for comparison, and prevalence of obesity. RESULTS:Forty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Despite significant heterogeneity among the studies (I 2 = 96%), the mean BMI z score in 1742 pediatric ALL survivors was 0.83 (95% confidence interval: 0.60-1.06), which corresponds to the 80th BMI percentile, indicating a significantly higher BMI in pediatric ALL survivors than the reference population. Subgroup analyses found a high prevalence of obesity in ALL survivors regardless of survivors' receipt of cranial irradiation, gender, or age at diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS:Obesity is prevalent in pediatric ALL survivors and is independent of patient-and treatment-related characteristics. Clinicians need to screen for obesity and its associated health conditions early in survivorship. Pediatrics 2014;133:e704-e715

show abstract

“…Furthermore, potent down-regulation of leptin secretion by growth hormone in 3T3-L1 adipocytes overexpressing the human growth hormone receptor has been shown (Table 1) [124]. In a clinical context, leptin concentrations are increased in subjects with growthhormone deficiency [125,126] and are lower in acromegaly [127,128].…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of adipocytokines and insulin resistance

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has long been known that obesity and insulin resistance are linked. Recently, it has been shown that adipocytes secrete several proteins including tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, resistin, and adiponectin. Since several of these so-called adipocytokines influence insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism profoundly, they might provide a molecular link between increased adiposity and impaired insulin sensitivity. Thiazolidinediones which decrease insulin resistance and are used in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes seem to mediate part of their insulin-sensitising effects via modulation of adipocytokine expression.Furthermore, hormones such as β-adrenergic agonists, insulin, glucocorticoids, and growth hormone might impair insulin sensitivity at least in part via up-regulation or down-regulation of adipocytokine synthesis. We summarise the current knowledge on how major adipocyte-secreted proteins are regulated by hormones and drugs influencing insulin sensitivity and discuss its implications for insulin resistance and obesity. [Diabetologia (2003[Diabetologia ( ) 46:1594[Diabetologia ( -1603

show abstract

Hyperleptinaemia in young adults following cranial irradiation in childhood: growth hormone deficiency or leptin insensitivity?

Cited by 99 publications

References 20 publications

Body composition in young adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Body composition in young adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Obesity in Pediatric ALL Survivors: A Meta-Analysis

Regulation of adipocytokines and insulin resistance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About