Hypermagnesemia in Renal Failure

Randall, Russell E.; Cohen, Miriam; Spray, Christine; Rossmeisl, Elsie C.

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-61-1-73

Cited by 184 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Hypermagnesaemia has long been associated with renal failure [18], Hypermagnesaemia often persists during the treatment of renal failure by mainten ance haemodialysis [2,14,16,17], The decrease in plasma magnesium con centration which results when magnesium is omitted from the dialysate has already been described [7,23]. It is generally agreed that it is the relatively high magnesium concentration of orthodox dialysate, 1.50 mEq/1 [4], com pared with a normal plasma-difTusable magnesium concentration of around 1.27 mEq/l, which is at least in part responsible for the hypermagnesaemia [2,7,15,17,19], The return to near normality on low magnesium dialysis, described here, supports this view.…”

Section: Plasma and Erythrocyte Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Dialysate Magnesium on Plasma and Erythrocyte Magnesium and Potassium Concentrations during Maintenance Haemodialysis

Stewart¹,

Fleming²

1973

Nephron

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The effects on plasma and erythrocyte potassium and magnesium concentrations of low ( < 0.2 mEq/l) as compared with orthodox (1.50 mEq/l) dialysate magnesium concentrations have been studied in six patients on maintenance haemodialysis. On low magnesium dialysis, plasma magnesium concentrations were significantly decreased from hypermagnesaemic to normal levels but the high erythrocyte magnesium concentrations were unchanged. The plasma potassium decrease, usual during each dialysis, was unaffected. In contrast, erythrocyte potassium concentrations, which did not change during individual dialyses, were high when orthodox magnesium was present in the dialysate, and normal during low magnesium dialysis. Low magnesium dialysis has biochemical advantages in that it corrects hypermagnesaemia and maintains normal erythrocyte potassium concentrations which otherwise would be increased.

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Section: Plasma and Erythrocyte Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Dialysate Magnesium on Plasma and Erythrocyte Magnesium and Potassium Concentrations during Maintenance Haemodialysis

Stewart¹,

Fleming²

1973

Nephron

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“…9,11,12 70-80% magnesium is filtered at the glomerulus and approximately 5-15% is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule, 60-70% in thick ascending Loop of Henle & 10-15% in distal convoluted tubule.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 Magnesium is absorbed in proximal small intestine. [7][8][9] It is a physiological calcium channel blocker and renal homeostasis maintains body serum magnesium levels. Hypermagnesemia is rare in individuals with normal renal function with its cause often iatrogenic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinically significant hypermagnesemia in a healthy individual: a rare entity

2016

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“…Hypermagnesaemia may present with malaise, articulation disorders, ataxia, nausea and vomiting [1,23]. Severe hypermagnesaemia is known to cause cardiac conduction defects, and neuromuscular effects and muscle weakness [28]. In the presence of other electrolyte disorders, these symptoms can accelerate.…”

Section: Mg and Outcome In Ckd And Esrdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium in Chronic Kidney Disease: Should We Care?

Wal-Visscher

Kooman

Sande³

2018

Blood Purif

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Background: Magnesium (Mg) is an essential cation for multiple processes in the body. The kidney plays a major role in regulating the Mg balance. In a healthy individual, totalbody Mg content is kept constant by interactions among intestine, bones and the kidneys. Summary: In case of chronic kidney disease (CKD), renal regulatory mechanisms may be insufficient to balance intestinal Mg absorption. Usually Mg remains normal; however, when glomerular filtration rate declines, changes in serum Mg are observed. Patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis are largely dependent on the dialysate Mg concentration for maintaining serum Mg and Mg homeostasis. A low Mg is associated with several complications such as hypertension, and vascular calcification, and also associated with an increased risk for both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-CVD mortality. Severe hypermagnesaemia is known to cause cardiac conduction defects, neuromuscular effects and muscle weakness; a slightly elevated Mg has been suggested to be beneficial in patients with end-stage renal disease. Key Messages: The role of both low and high Mg, in general, but especially in relation to CKD and dialysis patients is discussed.

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Hypermagnesemia in Renal Failure

Cited by 184 publications

References 36 publications

The Effect of Dialysate Magnesium on Plasma and Erythrocyte Magnesium and Potassium Concentrations during Maintenance Haemodialysis

The Effect of Dialysate Magnesium on Plasma and Erythrocyte Magnesium and Potassium Concentrations during Maintenance Haemodialysis

Clinically significant hypermagnesemia in a healthy individual: a rare entity

Magnesium in Chronic Kidney Disease: Should We Care?

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