Hypersensitivity to Titanium: A Less Explored Area of Research

Vijayaraghavan, Vasantha; Sabane, Ajay V; Tejas, Kulkarni

doi:10.1007/s13191-012-0139-4

Cited by 45 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…There is supporting literature that Ti can induce clinically relevant hypersensitivity and other immune dysfunctions in certain patients chronically exposed to this reactive metal. There are reports about the corrosion of dental implants and their significance when hypersensitivity is present . Müller and Valentine‐Thon reported on 56 patients who had developed clinical symptoms after receiving Ti‐based implants.…”

Section: Ti’s Health Risks and Related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This interaction can lead to either the failure of the implant to function, as it was intended, or have an adverse effect on the patient. Metal sensitivity may arise after exposure to Ti for some patients in certain circumstances . Sodor et al examined a variety of orthodontic biomaterials to evaluate the biocompatibility like stainless steel arch wires, brackets, and Ni‐Ti alloy coil springs.…”

Section: Ti’s Health Risks and Related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A patient demonstrating a DRESS syndrome, which reflects a serious hypersensitivity reaction to drugs, in association with Ti bioprosthetic implants was recently reported. Ti implants can corrode and release ions or micro‐particles, which can induce inflammation in affected tissues . Sicilia et al evaluated 1500 patients with dental implants.…”

Section: Ti’s Health Risks and Related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Titanium exposure and human health

Tibau¹,

Grube²,

Velez

et al. 2019

Oral Science International

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Historically, titanium (Ti) has maintained the reputation of being an inert and relatively biocompatible metal, suitable for use in both medical and dental prosthesis. There are many published articles supporting these views, but there is recent scientific evidence that Ti, or its corrosive by‐products, may cause harmful reactions in humans. It is important for all medical and dental professionals to understand the implications, complexities, and all potential pathways of exposure to this metal. These exposures are not only from the environment but also through various commonly used products in medicine that are often completely overlooked. These external (intermittent) and internal (constant) exposures have an impact on whole‐body health. This review examines possible harmful effects, risks, and often ignored potential complications of Ti exposure to human health.

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Section: Ti’s Health Risks and Related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ti’s Health Risks and Related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ti’s Health Risks and Related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Titanium exposure and human health

Tibau¹,

Grube²,

Velez

et al. 2019

Oral Science International

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“…Approximately 95% of Ti used globally is not in its metallic form, but is in the form of TiO 2 , a pigment valued for its chemical stability, brightness, ultraviolet light resistance, and presumed non‐toxicity . The physical properties of Ti also make it a key material for use in airframes, jet engines, spacecraft, missiles, sports equipment, and implants (Fig.…”

Section: Sources Of Ti Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium: a review on exposure, release, penetration, allergy, epidemiology, and clinical reactivity

et al. 2016

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SummaryExposure to titanium (Ti) from implants and from personal care products as nanoparticles (NPs) is common. This article reviews exposure sources, ion release, skin penetration, allergenic effects, and diagnostic possibilities. We conclude that human exposure to Ti mainly derives from dental and medical implants, personal care products, and foods. Despite being considered to be highly biocompatible relative to other metals, Ti is released in the presence of biological fluids and tissue, especially under certain circumstances, which seem to be more likely with regard to dental implants. Although most of the studies reviewed have important limitations, Ti seems not to penetrate a competent skin barrier, either as pure Ti, alloy, or as Ti oxide NPs. However, there are some indications of Ti penetration through the oral mucosa. We conclude that patch testing with the available Ti preparations for detection of type IV hypersensitivity is currently inadequate for Ti. Although several other methods for contact allergy detection have been suggested, including lymphocyte stimulation tests, none has yet been generally accepted, and the diagnosis of Ti allergy is therefore still based primarily on clinical evaluation. Reports on clinical allergy and adverse events have rarely been published. Whether this is because of unawareness of possible adverse reactions to this specific metal, difficulties in detection methods, or the metal actually being relatively safe to use, is still unresolved.Key words: contact allergy; corrosion; dermatitis; hypersensitivity; lymphocyte transformation test; patch test; penetration; release; titanium; toxicity. Titanium (Ti) is a non-essential metallic element with the atomic number 22 and a silvery colour. It is the ninth most abundant element in the earth's crust and the seventh most abundant metal overall (1). Major deposits of Ti minerals are found in Australia, Canada, India, Norway, South Africa, Ukraine, and the United States. The +4 oxidation state dominates Ti chemistry, but compounds in the +3 oxidation state are also common. TheCorrespondence: Jacob P. Thyssen, National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-Allergology, Copenhagen University Hospital HerlevGentofte, University of Copenhagen, Kildegaardsvej, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark. Tel: +45 3977 7307; Fax: +45 3977 7118. E-mail: jacob.p. thyssen@regionh.dk Accepted for publication 8 February 2016most important oxide is Ti dioxide (TiO 2 ), which exists in three different crystalline forms -anatase, brookite, and rutile -in addition to an amorphous phase (2, 3). Both the anatase, rutile and brookite mineral forms of TiO 2 occur naturally.TiO 2 is widely applied as microparticles and nanoparticles (NPs) in consumer goods, including cosmetics and foods, to obtain a white colour and ultraviolet light protection (4). Moreover, Ti is combined with a variety of other elements to produce strong lightweight alloys that provide resistance against corrosion and show a very high strength/density ratio (5). Because of this and the...

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“…Sensitivity to titanium is characterized by the local presence of abundant macrophages and T lymphocytes and the absence of B lymphocytes, indicating type IV hypersensitivity. [29,30] Ceramics: The main hazard to the laboratory technician, and less so to the dentist, during the fabrication of dental porcelain restorations are the prolonged exposure to finely divided inorganic porcelain dust. Silicosis, a fibrotic pulmonary disease resembling tuberculosis or sarcoidosis, affects workers exposed to siliceous dust in the ceramics industry [31].…”

Section: Adverse Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%