Hypersonic Experimental Facility for  Magnetoaerodynamic Interactions

Shang, J. S.; Kimmel, Roger L.; Hayes, J.; Tyler, Charles; Menart, James

doi:10.2514/1.8579

Cited by 34 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The latter result suggests the possibility of boundary-layer acceleration by momentum transfer from the accelerated filament to the neutral flow due to collisions between the charged species and the neutral species, (the "snowplow" effect [5]). Nonequilibrium MHD flow experiments at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base showed that a nearsurface dc glow discharge combined with the magnetic field can be used to control surface pressure on a model in a M 5 air flow [6]. Finally, experiments at The Ohio State University showed that retarding Lorentz force produces significant density fluctuation increase in a supersonic boundary layer, as well as core flow deceleration in low-temperature M 3 nitrogen and air flows [1][2][3].…”

Section: Low-temperature Plasma/magnetohydrodynamics Flow Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…O VER recent years, there has been a significant increase of interest in applications of nonequilibrium plasmas for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow control [1][2][3][4][5][6], combustion augmentation [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], and onboard directed energy sources [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. One of the key factors affecting development and scaling of these applications is the ability to efficiently generate, sustain, and control large-volume nonequilibrium plasmas in high-speed flows, at high pressures, and at high electron densities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repetitively Pulsed Nonequilibrium Plasmas for Magnetohydrodynamic Flow Control and Plasma-Assisted Combustion

Adamovich

Lempert

Nishihara

et al. 2008

Journal of Propulsion and Power

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This paper demonstrates significant potential of the use of high-voltage, nanosecond pulse duration, high pulse repetition rate discharges for aerospace applications. The present results demonstrate key advantages of these discharges: 1) stability at high pressures, high flow Mach numbers, and high-energy loadings by the sustainer discharge, 2) high-energy fractions going to ionization and molecular dissociation, and 3) targeted energy addition capability provided by independent control of the reduced electric field of the direct current sustainer discharge. These unique capabilities make possible the generation of stable, volume-filling, low-temperature plasmas and their use for high-speed flow control, nonthermal flow ignition, and gasdynamic lasers. In particular, the crossed pulsersustainer discharge was used for magnetohydrodynamic flow control in cold M 3 flows, providing first evidence of cold supersonic flow deceleration by Lorentz force. The pulsed discharge (without sustainer) was used to produce plasma chemical fuel oxidation, ignition, and flameholding in premixed hydrocarbon-air flows, in a wide range of equivalence ratios and flow velocities and at low plasma temperatures, 150-300 C. Finally, the pulser-sustainer discharge was used to generate singlet oxygen in an electric discharge excited oxygen-iodine laser. Laser gain and output power are measured in the M 3 supersonic cavity.

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Section: Low-temperature Plasma/magnetohydrodynamics Flow Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repetitively Pulsed Nonequilibrium Plasmas for Magnetohydrodynamic Flow Control and Plasma-Assisted Combustion

Adamovich

Lempert

Nishihara

et al. 2008

Journal of Propulsion and Power

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“…The Mach number in this facility is about 5.0, and the test section static pressure is designed to simulate an altitude between 30 and 50 km (approximately 0.6-7 torr). 40 Besides covering the altitude range mentioned, the low test section pressure has also been designed with consideration to raising the value of I M . Although the electrodes are arranged on the surface of the flat plate, an electromagnet with a maximum field of 3.5 T surrounds the entire channel.…”

Section: Channel Flow and Open Flow Experimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of Electric and Electromagnetic Flow Control Research Applied to Aerodynamics

Braun

Lu²,

Wilson³

2008

39th Plasmadynamics and Lasers Conference

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Fifty years ago, publications began to discuss the possibilities of electromagnetic flow control (EMFC) to improve aerodynamic performance. This led to an era of research that focused on coupling the fundamentals of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) with propulsion, control, and power generation systems. Unfortunately, very few designs made it past an experimental phase as, among other issues, power consumption was unreasonably high. Recent proposed advancements in technology like the MARIAH hypersonic wind tunnel and the AJAX scramjet engine have led to a new phase of MHD research in the aerospace industry, with many interdisciplinary applications. Aside from propulsion systems and channel flow accelerators, electromagnetic flow control concepts applied to control surface aerodynamics have not seen the same level of advancement that may eventually produce a device that can be integrated with an aircraft or missile. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to review the overall feasibility of the different electric and electromagnetic flow control concepts. Emphasis is placed on EMFC and experimental work.

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“…In particular, experiments at the Ohio State University showed that retarding Lorentz force results in significant density fluctuation increase in a supersonic boundary layer in low-temperature M = 3 nitrogen and air flows. 4 Considerable effort has been made to demonstrate cold supersonic flow acceleration or deceleration by Lorentz force, with the main application being MHD flow control in hypersonic inlets. 2 The repetitively pulsed discharge ionization technique has also been used at Princeton University to demonstrate feasibility of magnetohydrodynamic ͑MHD͒ power extraction from a cold M = 3 air flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature M=3 flow deceleration by Lorentz force

et al. 2006

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This paper presents results of cold magnetohydrodynamic ͑MHD͒ flow deceleration experiments using repetitively pulsed, short pulse duration, high voltage discharge to produce ionization in M = 3 nitrogen and air flows in the presence of transverse direct current electric field and transverse magnetic field. MHD effect on the flow is detected from the flow static pressure measurements. Retarding Lorentz force applied to the flow produces a static pressure increase of up to 17%-20%, while accelerating force of the same magnitude results in static pressure increase of up to 5%-7%. The measured static pressure changes are compared with modeling calculations using quasi-one-dimensional MHD flow equations. Comparison of the experimental results with the modeling calculations shows that the retarding Lorentz force increases the static pressure rise produced by Joule heating of the flow, while the accelerating Lorentz force reduces the pressure rise. The effect is produced for two possible combinations of the magnetic field and transverse current directions producing the same Lorentz force direction ͑both for accelerating and retarding force͒. This demonstrates that the observed static pressure change is indeed due to the MHD interaction, and not due to Joule heating of the flow in the crossed discharge. No discharge polarity effect on the static pressure was detected in the absence of the magnetic field. The fraction of the discharge input power going into Joule heat in nitrogen and dry air, inferred from the present experiments, is low, ␣ = 0.1, primarily because energy remains frozen in the vibrational energy mode of nitrogen. This result provides first direct evidence of cold supersonic flow deceleration by Lorentz force.

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Hypersonic Experimental Facility for Magnetoaerodynamic Interactions

Cited by 34 publications

References 18 publications

Repetitively Pulsed Nonequilibrium Plasmas for Magnetohydrodynamic Flow Control and Plasma-Assisted Combustion

Repetitively Pulsed Nonequilibrium Plasmas for Magnetohydrodynamic Flow Control and Plasma-Assisted Combustion

A Critical Review of Electric and Electromagnetic Flow Control Research Applied to Aerodynamics

Low-temperature M=3 flow deceleration by Lorentz force

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