Hypertension Control: The Caribbean Needs Intervention Studies to Learn How to Do Better

Figueroa, J. Peter; Harris, MA; Duncan, JP; Tulloch-Reid, MK

doi:10.7727/wimj.2017.073

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The purpose of this study was to assess characteristics of networks and determine whether network characteristics are associated with risk factors that are implicated in prevalent CVD outcomes in the region. 1,5,10,34,35 This study expands prior work in two important ways: (1) restricting social networks to persons with whom health matters are discussed to explore the concept of a "health network," and (2) examining associations between health network characteristics and prevalent CVD risk factors not previously explored. We refer to health networks from here on, instead of social networks, which we define as relationship structures within broader social networks that are defined according to or based on health and health matters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Egocentric Health Networks and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the ECHORN Cohort Study

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Caribbean region. OBJECTIVE: This study explored the concept of a health network, relationships focused on health-related matters, and examined associations with CVD risk factors in the Eastern Caribbean. DESIGN: The Eastern Caribbean Health Outcomes Research Network Cohort Study is an ongoing longitudinal cohort being conducted in the US Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, and Barbados. PARTICIPANTS: Participants (n = 1989) were English or Spanish-speaking adults 40 years and older, who were residents of the island for at least 10 years, and who intended to live on-island for the next 5 years. MAIN MEASURES: Logistic regression was used to examine associations between health network characteristics and CVD risk factors: physical activity, hypertension, and smoking. A baseline survey asked questions about health networks using name generator questions that assessed who participants spoke to about health matters, whose opinions on healthcare mattered, and who they would trust to make healthcare decisions on their behalf. KEY RESULTS: Health networks were mainly comprised of family members and friends. Healthcare professionals comprised 7% of networks, mean network size was four, and 74% of health network contacts were perceived to be in "good" to "excellent" health. Persons with larger health networks had greater odds of being physically active compared with those with smaller networks (OR = 1.07, CI = 1.01-1.14). CONCLUSIONS: Health networks may be useful to intervention efforts for CVD risk factor reduction. More studies are needed to examine health networks in Caribbean contexts and explore associations with other CVD risk factors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Egocentric Health Networks and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the ECHORN Cohort Study

et al. 2019

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“…Presently, hypertension is estimated to affect up to 40% of the adult population in Latin America (Ruilope et al, 2017). For instance, in the Caribbean region, data suggest that hypertension and its complications are impacting 21% of the adult population in Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Kitts, the British Virgin Islands and Grenada, consequently causing economic burdens to these countries (Figueroa et al, 2017). Moreover, the prevalence of hypertension in Belize was 28.7%, with 12.1% newly diagnosed cases and 16.6% unknown (PAHO, 2009).…”

Section: Quality Of Medicines and Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of medicines and public health in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC): a review

Husaini,

Bolon,

Smith

et al. 2023

IJPHM

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Purpose Increased outsourcing and importation of drugs from different parts of the world to the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region result in the proliferation of substandard and fake medicines, posing a threat to public health. The presence of substandard and fake medications in LAC regions is a source of public health concern and causes an economic burden to the governments in these regions. Whereas testing and detecting medication quality can easily be achieved in developed countries, the situation is different in developing countries such as LAC. This paper aims to examine the public health challenges faced by LAC regarding substandard, fake and counterfeit medicines and how the region can tackle these challenges. Design/methodology/approach Databases such as Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, HINARI, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, unpublished data, conference abstracts and papers from World Health Organization, Pan-American Health Organization and electronic newspapers were searched concerning medicine quality and in LAC. Findings Drug treatment improves the quality of life while decreasing morbidity and mortality among diseased populations. Absence of or inadequate testing laboratories, old and ineffective legislature, lack of enforcement or willpower and lack of effective surveillance are challenges in LAC for the proliferation of substandard and falsified medicines (SFMs). Research limitations/implications The most significant limitation of this study was the need for the reviewers to have used articles written in other languages besides English. The LAC region has a large population in non-English-speaking countries, and many articles are written using local languages. Hence, excluding those articles is a limitation worthy of note in this review. The articles accessed needed to provide adequate information on SFM markets and illegal pharmacies or hospitals but did not. Future reviews may focus on providing illegal substandard and falsified medicines markets in the region and how they can be minimized or eliminated. Originality/value This review highlights the challenges faced by LAC countries regarding substandard, fake and counterfeit medicines. The sources, prevalence and consequences of substandard and falsified drugs were identified to suggest the measures needed to curb the infiltration of low-quality medicines in LAC.

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Hypertension Control: The Caribbean Needs Intervention Studies to Learn How to Do Better

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Egocentric Health Networks and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the ECHORN Cohort Study

Egocentric Health Networks and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the ECHORN Cohort Study

Quality of medicines and public health in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC): a review

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