Hypertension in Athletes and Active Populations

Schleich, Kevin; Smoot, M. Kyle; Ernst, Michael E.

doi:10.1007/s11906-016-0685-y

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Physical activity reduces the risk of hypertension and atherosclerosis [ 3 , 19 ], which is consistent with the lower blood pressure in other sports group. Conversely, many reports have indicated a higher risk of hypertension in athletes with obesity [ 19 , 20 ]; moreover, hypertension in student athletes is strongly correlated with increased obesity [ 21 , 22 ]. Therefore, we speculated that the sumo group was at risk for hypertension because of a high BMI z-score and obesity rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the relationship between athletic characteristics and blood pressure, the frequency of hypertension was reported to be high in American football linemen [ 22 ] and high-intensity resistance training was considered to be one of the risk factors for hypertension [ 23 ]. Athletes who undertake strength training have a higher blood pressure than athletes who primarily perform endurance training, and athletes who train >10 hours per week have a high blood pressure [ 24 ], which is consistent with the results in the sumo group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative evaluation of obesity-related parameters in junior sumo wrestlers and children with obesity

et al. 2021

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[Purpose] Exercise is a key factor in preventing obesity and metabolic syndrome. Sumo wrestlers increase their body size from childhood for athletic advantage; however, the risk of metabolic syndrome in junior sumo wrestlers is undetermined. Preventive measures against pediatric obesity should be initiated during childhood to prevent obesity in adulthood, considering its high global incidence. We comparatively evaluated the risk factors for metabolic syndrome in junior sumo wrestlers and children with obesity.[Methods] We enrolled 70 male children (age 9–17 years [sumo group, n = 14] and 9–14 years [other sports and non-exercise groups, n = 28 each]) and evaluated their anthropometric parameters (height, weight, body mass index z-score, obesity rate, waist circumference, waist to height ratio) and hematological parameters (total, low-density, high-density, and non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; triglycerides; plasma glucose, and glycated hemoglobin levels).[Results] The BMI z-score, obesity rate, waist circumference (p < 0.05, along with the non-exercise group), and systolic blood pressure were significantly higher and the high-density cholesterol level was lower in the sumo group than in the other sports group (p < 0.05). The waist to height ratio was significantly higher in the non-exercise group than in the other sports group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in other blood lipid, plasma glucose (significantly lower level than the reference range in the sumo group, p < 0.05), and glycated hemoglobin (within the reference range in all groups) levels among the three groups.[Conclusion] Junior sumo wrestlers had a larger body size and higher blood pressure than children with obesity who exercised regularly. This provides direction for future research into targeted preventive interventions against metabolic syndrome for junior sumo wrestlers with large body size.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative evaluation of obesity-related parameters in junior sumo wrestlers and children with obesity

et al. 2021

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“…Power sports in particular seemed to be associated with higher systemic BP levels [2]. As a matter of fact, several studies reported that athletes participating in weightlifting, rowing, and American-style football have higher BP levels and are more likely to suffer from prehypertension or hypertension compared to endurance athletes, with a prevalence of hypertension ranging from 8.8 to as much as 25.6% [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The generally higher body mass index (BMI) among strength athletes and football players in particular, as well as the chronic abuse of illicit drugs, supplements, or NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), could account for the increased prevalence of hypertension in these athletes [7,8,13,14].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Hypertension In Athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not only is hypertension one of the most prevalent medical disorders but it is also associated with an increased cardiovascular morbidity and a higher all-cause mortality [2]. Epidemiological studies reported an inverse relationship between physical activity and blood pressure (BP) levels suggesting that both aerobic and resistance exercise lower the systolic and diastolic BP [3][4][5]. Therefore, the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) recommend exercise for the prevention and therapy of hypertension [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Athletes and Hypertension

et al. 2021

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Purpose of Review We reviewed most current medical literature in order to describe the epidemiology, clinical manifestation, outcome, and management of hypertension in athletes. Recent Findings An estimated quarter of the world’s population is suffering from hypertension and this prevalence is also reflected in athletes and in individuals involved in leisure time sport activities. Several studies found an inverse relationship between physical activity and blood pressure. Therefore, physical exercise is recommended to prevent, manage, and treat hypertension. On the other hand, the prevalence of hypertension may vary by sport and in some cases may even be higher in athletes competing in certain disciplines than in the general population. Hypertension is the most common medical condition in athletes and may raise concerns about its management and the individual’s eligibility for competitive sports. A thorough clinical evaluation should be performed to correctly diagnose or rule out hypertension in athletes, describe the individual’s risk profile, rule out secondary causes, and detect possible hypertension-mediated organ damage caused by hypertension at an early stage. Based on most recent clinical research and international consensus documents, we propose a diagnostic algorithm as well the non-pharmacological and pharmacological management of hypertension in athletes. Summary Although elevated blood pressure levels are less common in the active population, athletes are not protected from hypertension. A thorough diagnostic approach may help to identify individual at risk for adverse cardiovascular events and to address the optimal treatment as well as sport recommendations.

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“…000 athletes a year), than at women [1]. Pioneers of monitoring of cardiovascular system of athletes at power sports were John Longhurst and co-authors [2], who was among the first to point out the increased blood pressure and vulnerability of the cardiovascular system of athletes of power sports, and a little later, other researchers began to note that high blood pressure levels are the most common abnormal diagnosis during pre-screening of the cardiovascular system in such athletes [3,4]. Perhaps because of the large static component in the training program [5] or the high blood pressure [6] during exercise, the heart is subjected to an additional hemodynamic loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood pressure and geometry of the left ventricle in power sports athletes of heavyweight categories

Miroshnikov¹,

Форменов²,

Smolensky³

2019

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Innovations in Sports, Tourism and Instructional Science (ICISTIS 2019)

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Purpose-To research blood pressure and heart geometry in power sports athletes of heavy weight categories. Material and methods-645 representatives of the power sports (weightlifting, powerlifting, bodybuilding) having sports qualification of CMS, MS, IMS with the average body weight of 102.7±6.4 kg were examined. Everything to the examined athletes along with survey carried out the standard electrocardiogram of rest, double measurement of the ABP, a transthoracic echocardiography. Results-A survey of 645 athletes of power sports of heavy weight categories showed that 238 (37%) athletes have high blood pressure (systolic blood pressure-157.4 ± 5.6, diastolic blood pressure-91.2 ± 5.3) and violation of left ventricular geometry. Reliably in hypertensive athletes, compared with normotensive athletes, the following heart parameters were increased: TIS by 0.1mm (p <0.01), TPWLV by 0.2mm <0.01), DRV by 4.2 mm (p <0.01), LVMM by 32.2g (p <0.01), LVMI by 17.8 g/m 2 (p <0.01), RWTLV by 0.08 mm (p <0.01). And also in the group of hypertensive athletes there was a significantly lower EDD by 0.2mm (p <0.05). Conclusion-Thus, the patterns obtained in relation to associations of blood pressure and disorders of heart geometry of athletes of power sports, heavy weight categories, it may be implemented in prevention programs in future with priority focus on the "risk-bearing" groups of men.

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Hypertension in Athletes and Active Populations

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

Comparative evaluation of obesity-related parameters in junior sumo wrestlers and children with obesity

Comparative evaluation of obesity-related parameters in junior sumo wrestlers and children with obesity

Athletes and Hypertension

Blood pressure and geometry of the left ventricle in power sports athletes of heavyweight categories

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