Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness and Control Levels among Ghawarna: An African-Descendant Ethnic Minority in the Jordan Valley

Kheirallah, Khalid A.; Liswi, Mohammed; Al-Azab, Rami; Bataineh, Zeyad; Alzyoud, Sukaina; Alsulaiman, Jomana; Jaddou, Hashem

doi:10.18865/ed.25.3.321

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In accordance with other studies in the general population developed in Brazil 21 and in other multiracial countries, 22,23 the prevalence of SAH was associated with increased age. The black ethnicity showed a higher predisposition to arterial stiffness than the other ethnicities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence of Systemic Arterial Hypertension in Quilombola Communities, State of Sergipe, Brazil

Santos¹,

Prado²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2019

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia

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BackgroundThe quilombolas are groups formed by black ancestry individuals, living in a context of social vulnerability due to low socioeconomic level, which influences health care and the development of chronic diseases.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension and its association with cardiovascular risk factors in the quilombola population in the State of Sergipe, Brazil.MethodsStudy design was cross sectional, involving the administration of a questionnaire to individuals aged ≥ 18 years, in 15 quilombola communities of the State of Sergipe, Brazil. A value of two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultssA total of 390 individuals were evaluated, 72.3% of whom were women, with a mean age of 44.7 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 26% (with a confidence interval of 95% [95% CI]: 22-30), with no significant sex-related differences. The age was associated with arterial hypertension (95% CI: 1.03-1.06), systolic (95% CI: 1.04-1.07) and diastolic (IC 95%: 1.01-1.04) arterial hypertension. The level of body mass index was associated with arterial hypertension (95% CI: 1.00-1.11) and diastolic arterial hypertension (95% CI: 1.03-1.17). Economic class was associated with diastolic arterial hypertension (95% CI: 1.22-5.03).ConclusionThe prevalence of arterial hypertension in the quilombola communities was high. Its association with cardiovascular risk factors indicates the need to improve access to healthcare services.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence of Systemic Arterial Hypertension in Quilombola Communities, State of Sergipe, Brazil

Santos¹,

Prado²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2019

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia

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“…There were divergent results for some countries, where different populations were studied. For example, a national study conducted in Jordan [40] reported the highest loss (21%) between awareness and treatment, while another study among an ethnic minority in the country showed only a 2% loss [41]. In Sudan, one study reported very high awareness (70%), but also a substantial drop of 17% between awareness and treatment [38].…”

Section: The Cascade Of Hypertension Carementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most studies (18/20) women are found to have greater awareness of their condition than men; this is the case in studies conducted in Jordan [40,41,49,50], KSA [44,45,51,52], Lebanon [35], Morocco [28], Oman [26,27,53], Palestine [48], Tunisia [31,47], and Yemen [20,54], with the difference reaching statistical significance in 11/18 studies. Only two studies, one conducted in Egypt [55] and another in KSA [56], show the reverse pattern, with a statistically significant difference.…”

Section: Gender Differences In Awareness Treatment and Control Of Hymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gender differences in the subsets of treated patients whose blood pressure is controlled varied across countries, and no clear patterns could be discerned; controlled blood pressure was higher among women in studies in Algeria [46,57], Jordan [41], KSA [45], Lebanon [35], Palestine [48], and Yemen [20], but higher among men in studies conducted in Jordan [40], in Morocco [28], and three studies in Tunisia [31,47,58].…”

Section: Gender Differences In Awareness Treatment and Control Of Hymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The cascade of care in managing hypertension in the Arab world: a systematic assessment of the evidence on awareness, treatment and control

et al. 2020

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Background: Hypertension is a leading risk factor for mortality and morbidity globally and in the Arab world. We summarize the evidence on awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, to assess the extent of gaps in the hypertension continuum of care. We also assess the influence of gender and other social determinants at each level of the cascade of care. Methods: We searched MEDLINE and SSCI databases for studies published between 2000 and 2017, reporting the rates of awareness, treatment or control of hypertension and/or their determinants in the Arab region. We included sources on both general populations and on clinical populations. The review process was based on the PRISMA guidelines. We present rates on the three stages of the care cascade corresponding to (1) awareness (2) treatment and (3) control of blood pressure, and estimated the losses that occur when moving from one stage to another. We also take stock of the evidence on social determinants and assess the statistical significance of gender differences in awareness, treatment and control. Results: Data from 73 articles were included. Substantial proportions of hypertensives were lost at each step of the hypertension care continuum, with more missed opportunities for care resulting from lack of awareness of hypertension and from uncontrolled blood pressure. More than 40% and 19% of all hypertensive individuals were found to be unaware and to have uncontrolled blood pressure, respectively, but among individuals diagnosed with hypertension, less than 21% were untreated. Awareness rates were higher among women than men but this advantage was not consistently translated into better blood pressure control rates among women. Conclusions: This analysis of the cascade of care indicates that barriers to proper diagnosis and adequate control are greater than barriers to delivery of treatment, and discusses potential factors that may contribute to the gaps in delivery.

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“…[11][12] From a clinical standpoint, some argue that race is possibly a good proxy for biogeographic ancestry and disease risk assessment, especially when considering recommendations for disease screening or treatment and in our quest to improve health outcomes related to race-specific disparities. 2,10,13,14 Others, however, suggest that using race can induce bias and stereotyping, and increase misdiagnoses. [1][2][3][4][5] They rely on decades worth of studies demonstrating that Blacks constantly receive lower quality medical care than Whites, even while adjusting for clinically relevant factors, 10,15 thus arguing that race impedes our ability to reduce health care disparities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Physicians' and Nurse Practitioners' Use of Race in Clinical Decision-Making

et al. 2019

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Objective: The debate over use of race as a proxy for genetic risk of disease continues, but little is known about how primary care providers (nurse practitioners and general internal medicine physicians) currently use race in their clinical practice. Our study investigates primary care providers’ use of race in clinical practice.Methods: Survey data from three cross-sectional parent studies were used. A total of 178 nurse practitioners (NPs) and 759 general internal medicine physicians were included. The outcome of interest was the Racial Attributes in Clinical Evaluation (RACE) scale, which measures explicit use of race in clinical decision-making. Predictor variables included the Genetic Variation Knowledge Assessment Index (GKAI), which measures the providers’ knowledge of human genetic variation.Results: In the final multivariable model, NPs had an average RACE score that was 1.60 points higher than the physicians’ score (P=.03). The GKAI score was not significantly associated with the RACE outcome in the final model (P=.67).Conclusions: Physicians had more knowledge of genetic variation and used patients’ race less in the clinical decision-making process than NPs. We speculate that these differences may be related to differences in discipline-specific clinical training and approaches to clinical care. Further exploration of these differences is needed, including examination of physicians’ and NPs’ beliefs about race, how they use race in disease screening and treatment, and if the use of race is contributing to health care disparities.Ethn Dis.2019;29(1):1-8; doi:10.18865/ ed.29.1.1.

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Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness and Control Levels among Ghawarna: An African-Descendant Ethnic Minority in the Jordan Valley

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Prevalence of Systemic Arterial Hypertension in Quilombola Communities, State of Sergipe, Brazil

Prevalence of Systemic Arterial Hypertension in Quilombola Communities, State of Sergipe, Brazil

The cascade of care in managing hypertension in the Arab world: a systematic assessment of the evidence on awareness, treatment and control

A Comparison of Physicians' and Nurse Practitioners' Use of Race in Clinical Decision-Making

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