Hypertension Prevalence, Treatment and Control in Older Adults in a Brazilian Capital City

Abstract

BackgroundThe diagnosis, treatment and control of arterial hypertension are fundamental for a reduction in cardiovascular outcomes, especially in the elderly. In Brazil, there are few studies that specifically identified these rates in the elderly population.ObjectiveTo verify rates of prevalence, treatment and control of hypertension in elderly people living in the urban area of a Brazilian capital city.MethodsA cross-sectional, population-based, randomized, cluster-based study with 912 non-institutionalized elderly individuals (≥ 60 years), living in urban areas in the city of Goiania, Midwest Brazil. Predictor variables were: age, gender, socioeconomic and lifestyle aspects. Blood pressure measurements were performed at home; patients were considered as having arterial hypertension when SBP and/or DBP ≥ 140/90 mmHg or when using antihypertensive drugs (dependent variable). Rates of hypertension treatment and control were evaluated. Variable association analyses were performed by multivariate logistic regression and level of significance was set at 5%.ResultsThe prevalence of arterial hypertension was 74.9%, being higher (78.6%) in men (OR 1.4, 95% CI: 1.04-1.92); the treatment rate was 72.6%, with higher rates being observed in smokers (OR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.28-3.33). The rate of hypertension control was 50.8%,being higher in women (OR 1.57, 95% CI: 1.19-2.08).ConclusionThe prevalence rates were high. Treatment and control rates were low and associated with gender, age and lifestyle, indicating the need for early and individual interventions.

Pressão arterial não controlada entre pessoas idosas hipertensas assistidas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família

“…In the present study, the statistically significant associations observed in the multiple model between uncontrolled BP and being male, having low alcohol consumption and being a former smoker have also been found in other studies. The relationship between males and uncontrolled BP shows similar results to those of Sousa et al 25 . On the other hand, other authors found no differences between genders 26 .…”

Prevalência Da Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica E Diabetes Mellitus Entre Indígenas

“…Em relação aà faixas etárias que vem sendo acometidas, o DM está mais presente nos indivíduos com idade entre 40 e 59 anos e a HAS naqueles com 60 anos e mais. Ao se analisar a ocorrência segundo o sexo, as duas morbidades acometeram mais fortemente as mulheres, atribuível ao fato de buscarem mais o serviço de atenção primária à saúde, semelhante ao padrão da população feminina brasileira, criando oportunidade para diagnóstico (9,(13)(14)(15)(16) . Estudo realizado em comunidades indígenas australianas, da mesma forma, identificou maior prevalência de DM em mulheres (17) .…”

“…A alteração no modo de vida indígena exibe relação direta com as condições estruturais e culturais, e vem sendo associada às taxas de adoecimento, sobretudo pelo baixo consumo de alimentos naturais e incorporação, na dieta, de produtos industrializados, ricos em carboidratos e lipídios, com baixo teor nutritivo, a exemplo de massas, biscoitos recheados e refrigerantes em faixas etárias cada vez menores (12)(13)(14)(15)(16) .…”

Sociodemographic factors and physical activity pattern in people with systemic hypertension

“…Em relação à idade, outro estudo revelou ele-vada prevalência de idosos com pressão arterial elevada e descontrolada e apenas metade dos indivíduos alcançaram metas de controle pressórico, maior entre mulheres (16) . Pesquisa similar constatou que participantes menos aderentes ao tratamento relataram mais complicações associadas à hipertensão arterial (17) .…”