Hyperthyroidism

McDougall, I. Ross

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2881-8_5

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 353 publications

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“…2 Thyroid crises can be triggered by events such as surgery, infection, inadequate antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy, thyroid surgery trauma, or uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM), with upper respiratory tract infection (e.g., SARS-CoV-2 infection) being the second-most common cause. [3][4][5][6] COVID-19 affects organs and organ systems, including the endocrine system, where the pituitary-thyroid axis is the direct or indirect target of SARS-CoV-2, which can cause central hypothyroidism. Thyroid dysfunction can be found in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients where COVID-19 causes thyroid hormone imbalance in proportion to the degree of infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Case of Possible Thyroid Crisis Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report

Hamzah

Aman

Iskandar

2022

JAFES

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Thyroid crisis is an emergency due to impaired thyroid function caused by various conditions, particularly infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that result in the dysfunction of various vital organs. We report a case of a 31-year-old Indonesian female with a 2-year history of hyperthyroidism with elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies. (TRAb) who developed thyroid crisis possibly in association with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, sepsis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Prior to admission, she was treated for her hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil and had been in stable remission for a year. She was admitted to the Emergency Room with complaints of watery stools, icteric sclerae, jaundice, coughing, and shortness of breath. The physical examination showed a World Health Organization (WHO) performance score of 4, delirium, blood pressure within normal limits, tachycardia, tachypnea, axillary temperature of 36.7°C, icteric sclerae, jaundice, and exophthalmos. There was a 3 cm palpable nodule on the right side of the neck. Auscultation of the lungs revealed bilateral pulmonary rales. Abdominal examination noted a palpable liver and enlarged spleen. Laboratory tests showed thrombocytopenia, electrolyte imbalance, hypoalbuminemia and elevated transaminases. The thyroid function tests showed a suppressed TSH level with an elevated free thyroxine (FT4) level. The SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) swab test was positive. Initial patient management was with supportive therapy that included favipiravir and anti-hyperthyroidism medication; however, despite these interventions, her condition continued to deteriorate and she died after a few hours. This case demonstrates no difference in therapy between patients with thyroid crises and COVID-19 or other infections. Proper and timely treatment is important for reducing mortality rates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Case of Possible Thyroid Crisis Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report

Hamzah

Aman

Iskandar

2022

JAFES

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Scintigraphic Manifestations of Thyrotoxicosis

Intenzo

dePapp²,

Jabbour³

et al. 2003

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The term thyrotoxicosis refers to the clinical syndrome of increased systemic metabolism that results when the serum concentrations of free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, or both are elevated. The term hyperthyroidism refers to overactivity of the thyroid gland with a resultant increase in thyroid hormone synthesis and release into the systemic circulation. These terms are not interchangeable, since thyrotoxicosis can develop in thyroid conditions that are not associated with increased thyroid function, such as thyroiditis, or in so-called factitious hyperthyroidism. The clinical signs and symptoms of thyrotoxicosis are virtually identical regardless of the cause. However, in a given patient, every attempt should be made to determine the exact cause of the thyrotoxicosis, as this in turn determines the prognosis and treatment. Since thyroid scintigraphy demonstrates the functional state of the thyroid gland, it should be used, in conjunction with determination of radioactive iodine uptake, as the imaging modality of choice for diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis. Although the scintigraphic features of several of the thyroid disorders that cause thyrotoxicosis may overlap, their recognition helps narrow the differential diagnosis, thereby guiding the referring physician in the work-up and management of this disorder.

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Hyperthyroidism

Cited by 2 publications

References 353 publications

Fatal Case of Possible Thyroid Crisis Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report

Fatal Case of Possible Thyroid Crisis Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report

Scintigraphic Manifestations of Thyrotoxicosis

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