Hypertonic Saline Resuscitation Diminishes Lung Injury by Suppressing Neutrophil Activation After Hemorrhagic Shock

Nebulized 3% Hypertonic Saline Solution Treatment in Hospitalized Infants With Viral Bronchiolitis*

“…Interestingly, it has been shown in different models that using much higher concentration than we used, 7.5% hypertonic saline solution can potentially reduce lung damage by suppressing neutrophil activation. [31][32][33] Pathophysiologically, viral bronchiolitis is an infectious inflammation of the whole respiratory mucosal epithelium, although more pronounced in small bronchioles. 34 This leads to tissue edema and mucus production resulting in thick mucus plaques within the airway lumen and increase in intraluminal DNA concentration due to lysis of inflammatory and sloughed respiratory epithelial cells.…”

Fluid Management in Acute Lung Injury and ARDS

“…Moreover, the use of hypertonic solutions has limited pulmonary injury after hemorrhagic shock in experimental models by improving splanchnic output and reducing the adhesion and cytotoxicity of neutrophils compared with the use of isotonic solutions [38,39]. In clinical practice, the potential interest of hypertonic resuscitation has been investigated in patients with traumatic hypovolemic shock.…”

Treatment of hemorrhagic shock with hypertonic saline solution modulates the inflammatory response to live bacteria in lungs

“…Among other effects, resuscitation with HS inhibits the respiratory burst in neutrophils (24), minimizes the expression of adhesion molecules in neutrophils (20,23,25) and in endothelial cells (26), increases IL-10 secretion (an anti-inflammatory cytokine), and decreases TNF-α generation in rat macrophages exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (19). Milder neutrophil infiltration and decreased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression after shock and resuscitation with HS have also been documented (17).…”