Hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia: Effects of drug treatment on fatty acid composition of plasma lipids and membranes

Nyalala, John O.; Wang, Jiang; Dang, Alexander; Faas, Fred H.; Smith, W. L.

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2008.03.003

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The estimation of n ‐6 PUFA daily intakes (vegetable sources) correlated more tightly with RBC LA levels after covariate adjustments than with RBC total n ‐6 PUFAs, which is logical because dietary LA comes principally from vegetable sources. Controlling for the presence of CVD and the use of statins and/or fibrates appears to be justified as a result of their association with variability in RBC LA levels (see Appendix, Table A1), which was also reported in previous studies (Martinelli et al ., ; Nyalala et al ., ). Again, our 14‐item FFQ is designed to give a broad estimation of vegetable n ‐6 PUFA intakes by targeting important dietary sources (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Validation of fatty acid intakes estimated by a food frequency questionnaire using erythrocyte fatty acid profiling in the Montreal Heart Institute Biobank

Turcot

Brunet

Daneault

et al. 2014

J Human Nutrition Diet

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Validation of fatty acid intakes estimated by a food frequency questionnaire using erythrocyte fatty acid profiling in the Montreal Heart Institute Biobank

Turcot

Brunet

Daneault

et al. 2014

J Human Nutrition Diet

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“…Additionally, we adjusted our main results for medications and this adjustment changed little the associations. However, an influence of lipid-lowering drugs (mainly statins) on PUFA levels has been reported in other studies [131,132]. Therefore, additional analysis with a large sample size are needed to better understand the role (and potential gene*statins interactions) of the medications in determining PUFA concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, to better understand dietary modulation, a gene*diet interaction analysis should be carried out. Although some GWAS and various candidate gene studies have examined the interaction between several dietary components (food or nutrients) and the genetic variants in determining PUFA concentrations [1,60,83,[129][130][131][132][133][134][135], the interaction with a whole dietary pattern such as the Mediterranean diet pattern [99], has not been comprehensively investigated. In an exploratory study, taking into account our limited sample size, we explored gene* Mediterranean diet interactions at the genome-wide level in determining serum PUFA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Association Study for Serum Omega-3 and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Exploratory Analysis of the Sex-Specific Effects and Dietary Modulation in Mediterranean Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Many early studies presented beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on cardiovascular risk factors and disease. However, results from recent meta-analyses indicate that this effect would be very low or nil. One of the factors that may contribute to the inconsistency of the results is that, in most studies, genetic factors have not been taken into consideration. It is known that fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster in chromosome 11 is a very important determinant of plasma PUFA, and that the prevalence of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) varies greatly between populations and may constitute a bias in meta-analyses. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been carried out in other populations and none of them have investigated sex and Mediterranean dietary pattern interactions at the genome-wide level. Our aims were to undertake a GWAS to discover the genes most associated with serum PUFA concentrations (omega-3, omega-6, and some fatty acids) in a scarcely studied Mediterranean population with metabolic syndrome, and to explore sex and adherence to Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) interactions at the genome-wide level. Serum PUFA were determined by NMR spectroscopy. We found strong robust associations between various SNPs in the FADS cluster and omega-3 concentrations (top-ranked in the adjusted model: FADS1-rs174547, p = 3.34 × 10−14; FADS1-rs174550, p = 5.35 × 10−14; FADS2-rs1535, p = 5.85 × 10−14; FADS1-rs174546, p = 6.72 × 10−14; FADS2-rs174546, p = 9.75 × 10−14; FADS2-rs174576, p = 1.17 × 10−13; FADS2-rs174577, p = 1.12 × 10−12, among others). We also detected a genome-wide significant association with other genes in chromosome 11: MYRF (myelin regulatory factor)-rs174535, p = 1.49 × 10−12; TMEM258 (transmembrane protein 258)-rs102275, p = 2.43 × 10−12; FEN1 (flap structure-specific endonuclease 1)-rs174538, p = 1.96 × 10−11). Similar genome-wide statistically significant results were found for docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA). However, no such associations were detected for omega-6 PUFAs or linoleic acid (LA). For total PUFA, we observed a consistent gene*sex interaction with the DNTTIP2 (deoxynucleotidyl transferase terminal interacting protein 2)-rs3747965 p = 1.36 × 10−8. For adherence to MedDiet, we obtained a relevant interaction with the ME1 (malic enzyme 1) gene (a gene strongly regulated by fat) in determining serum omega-3. The top-ranked SNP for this interaction was ME1-rs3798890 (p = 2.15 × 10−7). In the regional-wide association study, specifically focused on the FADS1/FASD2/FADS3 and ELOVL (fatty acid elongase) 2/ELOVL 5 regions, we detected several statistically significant associations at p < 0.05. In conclusion, our results confirm a robust role of the FADS cluster on serum PUFA in this population, but the associations vary depending on the PUFA. Moreover, the detection of some sex and diet interactions underlines the need for these associations/interactions to be studied in all specific populations so as to better understand the complex metabolism of PUFA.

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“…The GLA can stimulate the production of eicosanoids (in particular prostaglandin E2), exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects, and can lower the levels of lipids [143]. A possible indication for nutritional supplementation with GLA is a confirmed lower GLA content of phospholipids and of cholesterol esters in the blood of patients with hypertriglyceridemia or HC [144]. In a study by Schwab et al [145] on people taking GLA as a nutritional supplement, there was a significant decrease in blood concentrations of TG, total cholesterol, and LDL, with upregulation of the HDL fraction.…”

Section: Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Short Overview on the Relevance of Fatty Acids for Human Cardiovascular Disorders

et al. 2020

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This review presents existing evidence of the influence of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Data are discussed regarding the roles of the most relevant fatty acids, such as myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), α-linolenic (C18:3, ω-3), γ-linolenic (C18:3, ω-6), arachidonic (C20:4), eicosapentaenoic (C20:5), docosahexaenoic (C22:6), and docosapentaenoic (C22:5) acid. The accumulated knowledge has expanded the understanding of the involvement of fatty acids in metabolic processes, thereby enabling the transition from basic exploratory studies to practical issues of application of these biomolecules to CVD treatment. In the future, these findings are expected to facilitate the interpretation and prognosis of changes in metabolic lipid aberrations in CVD.

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Hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia: Effects of drug treatment on fatty acid composition of plasma lipids and membranes

Cited by 21 publications

References 28 publications

Validation of fatty acid intakes estimated by a food frequency questionnaire using erythrocyte fatty acid profiling in the Montreal Heart Institute Biobank

Validation of fatty acid intakes estimated by a food frequency questionnaire using erythrocyte fatty acid profiling in the Montreal Heart Institute Biobank

Genome-Wide Association Study for Serum Omega-3 and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Exploratory Analysis of the Sex-Specific Effects and Dietary Modulation in Mediterranean Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

The Short Overview on the Relevance of Fatty Acids for Human Cardiovascular Disorders

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