Hypertriglyceridemia is a Major Factor Associated With Elevated Levels of Small Dense LDL Cholesterol in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

Cho, Yonggeun; Lee, Sang-Guk; Jee, Sun Ha; Kim, Jeong-Ho

doi:10.3343/alm.2015.35.6.586

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…TG levels could be used as a sensitive marker of the incidence of MetS in Koreans. Several studies support that TG concentration is an independent risk factor in the development of CVD [38, 39]. Therefore, routine monitoring of TG levels and changing unhealthy behaviors—such as diets high in refined carbohydrate, sedentary lifestyles, and excess alcohol consumption—are important for preventing CVD in older adults with MetS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in metabolic syndrome components among the Korean 66-year-old population with metabolic syndrome

Lee

Kwak

et al. 2016

BMC Geriatr

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BackgroundGender is thought to be an important factor in metabolic syndrome and its outcomes. Despite a number of studies that have demonstrated differences in metabolism and its components that are dependent on gender, limited information about gender differences on the characteristics of metabolic syndrome and its components is available regarding the Korean old adult population. This study aimed to identify gender differences in characteristics of the metabolic syndrome and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease.MethodsSecondary analysis of data from a nationwide cross-sectional survey for health examination at the time of transitioning from midlife to old age was performed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for gender differences among the Korean 66-year-old population with metabolic syndrome.ResultsGender differences in metabolic syndrome components that contributed to the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome were identified. In males, the most common component was high blood sugar levels (87.5 %), followed by elevated triglyceride levels (83.5 %) and high blood pressure (83.1 %). In females, the most commonly identified component was elevated triglyceride levels (79.0 %), followed by high blood sugar levels (78.6 %) and high blood pressure (78.5 %). Gender differences for other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including family history, health habits, and body mass index were observed.ConclusionsGender-specific public health policies and management strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease among the older adult population should be developed for Koreans undergoing the physiological transition to old age.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in metabolic syndrome components among the Korean 66-year-old population with metabolic syndrome

Lee

Kwak

et al. 2016

BMC Geriatr

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“…Less than one-fourth of patients (10 of 44, 22.7 %) had total cholesterol greater than 200 mg/dl. But we know that patients with hypertriglyceridemia have a higher concentration of small and dense LDL [ 28 ] and, consequently, a higher cardiovascular risk. This can be confirmed in our patients who had a myocardial infarction and atherosclerotic leg ulcers at an early age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and laboratory data of a large series of patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy

Lima

Nóbrega

Lima

et al. 2016

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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BackgroundBerardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL) was initially described by Berardinelli in Brazil in 1954 and 5 years later by Seip in Norway. It is an autosomal recessive disease that leads to a generalized deficit of body fat, evolving with diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of a large series of patients with BSCL.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of patients with BSCL. A total of 54 cases of BSCL were diagnosed, treated and followed for the past 17 years. We report clinical and laboratorial data of 44 of those patients.ResultsThere was a predominance of female patients (27 patients), and the mean age was 21.3 ± 13.7 years old. The majority of patients (30/44; 68.2 %) were diabetic, and almost half of them (14/30 patients, 46.7 %) were on insulin. The mean body mass index was 19.6 ± 3.3 and the mean body fat measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was 5.4 ± 0.8 %. Acanthosis nigricans, acromegaloid facies, atrophic cheeks, prognathism, phlebomegaly, and muscle hypertrophy were the most common clinical features. Only two patients had triglyceridemia lower than 150 mg/dl without the use of lipid-lowering drugs. Hyperinsulinemia was present in the majority of patients, and leptin values were very low in all patients.ConclusionsWe report one of the largest series of patients with BSCL treated at a single medical center. Earlier identification of the mutations and a better understanding of the pathophysiology can aid to better treatment and decrease complications, potentially improving life quality and expectancy.

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“…The reason for this gender difference might be related to the mechanism of hypertriglyceridemia in postmenopausal women, which induced small LDL particles. [18][19][20] There were age or gender-related differences in the ability to generate sdLDL-C from LDL-C. This ability in men was higher than that in women for all age groups or standardized groups, which is identical to the fact that atherosclerosis is more common in men than in women, considering sdLDL-C is a highly atherogenic factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effects of Age, Gender, and Menopausal Status on Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Fractions; JMS-II Cohort Study

Izumida

Nakamura

Sato

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background:Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) might be a better cardiovascular disease (CVD) indicator than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); however, details regarding its epidemiology remain elusive. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of age, gender, and menopausal status on sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio in the Japanese population.Methods:We examined the baseline cross-sectional data from the Jichi Medical School-II Cohort Study, including 5,208 participants (2,397 men and 2,811 women). To assess age-related trends, the sdLDL-C and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratios were plotted against gender. We evaluated the effect of age and menopausal status using multiple linear regression analysis.Results:We observed that in men, the sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio increased during younger adulthood, peaked at 50–54 years, and then decreased. In women, we observed relatively regular increasing trends of sdLDL-C level and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio until approximately 65 years, followed by a downward or pleated trend. The crossover of sdLDL-C levels for the genders occurred at 70–74 years, but we could not observe any sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio crossover. Standardized sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio in 50-year old men, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women were 26.6, 22.7, and 27.4 mg/dL and 0.24, 0.15, and 0.23, respectively. The differences between premenopausal and postmenopausal women were significant (P<0.001).Conclusions:sdLDL-C and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratios show different distributions by age, gender, and menopausal status with trends different from other lipids. A subgroup-specific approach would be necessary to implement sdLDL-C for CVD prevention strategies, fully considering age-related trends, gender differences, and menopausal status.

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Hypertriglyceridemia is a Major Factor Associated With Elevated Levels of Small Dense LDL Cholesterol in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

Cited by 31 publications

References 39 publications

Gender differences in metabolic syndrome components among the Korean 66-year-old population with metabolic syndrome

Gender differences in metabolic syndrome components among the Korean 66-year-old population with metabolic syndrome

Clinical and laboratory data of a large series of patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy

Effects of Age, Gender, and Menopausal Status on Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Fractions; JMS-II Cohort Study

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