Hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis: Epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical management

Pretis, Nicolò de; Amodio, Antonio; Frulloni, Luca

doi:10.1177/2050640618755002

Cited by 174 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In the present study, the fasting blood sugar and mean serum amylase levels are increased significantly in G2 rats fed on HFD as compared with the control rats and the serum insulin levels are decreased significantly in G2 rats. These results suggesting that hyperlipidaemia predisposes to pancreatitis and are in agreement with the results of other studies [11,12].…”

Section: Blood Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

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The possible protective effects of virgin olive oil and Nigella sativa seeds on the biochemical and histopathological changes in pancreas of hyperlipidaemic rats

AboulMahasen

Alshali

2019

Folia Morphol

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Background: Hyperlipidaemia is a risk factor for the development and progression of atherosclerosis and is linked to various diseases. This study was done to evaluate the possible protective effects of virgin olive oil and Nigella sativa seeds on the biochemical and histopathological changes which occurred in the pancreas of the rats. The study lasted 8 weeks and included 24 albino rats that were divided into four groups (6 rats each); Group I -control group, fed with normal standard diet, Group II -fed with high fat diet (HFD), Group III -fed with HFD and virgin olive oil, Group IV -fed with HFD and Nigella sativa seeds powder. Materials and methods: After finishing the experiment, blood samples were collected and assessed for the lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, pancreatic amylase and insulin levels. Then, the rats were sacrificed and the pancreata were extracted and slices of them were processed for histological examination using haematoxylin stain and Masson's trichrome stain. Small fragments from the tail of the pancreata were extracted and processed for electron microscopic examination. The statistical analysis of the data using the appropriate statistical tests was also conducted. Results: In the present study, the serum lipid profile in hyperlipidaemic rats was ameliorated in rats fed on high fat diet with virgin olive oil or Nigella sativa seed powder, which was reflected by a significant decrease in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides. Moreover, Nigella sativa decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL), while virgin olive oil significantly increased HDL. Also a significant decrease in the serum levels of blood glucose and amylase and a significant increase in insulin levels were present in these groups. The histological and ultrastructural results revealed regeneration of the exocrine and endocrine parts of the pancreatic tissues from the hyperlipidaemic rats fed with virgin olive oil or Nigella sativa seeds. Conclusions: In this study, the biochemical results were paralleled to the histological and ultrastructural results; therefore, it could be concluded that virgin olive oil and Nigella sativa seeds had antihyperlipidaemic and hypoglycaemic effects and they could protect the pancreas from hyperlipidaemia-induced injury. Daily consumption of virgin olive oil and Nigella sativa seeds in the diet is highly recommended. (Folia Morphol 2019; 78, 4: 762-772)

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Section: Blood Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

“…These results are in agreement with many studies [11,35,39], which mentioned the role of lipids in progressive pancreatic diseases.…”

Section: Blood Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

The possible protective effects of virgin olive oil and Nigella sativa seeds on the biochemical and histopathological changes in pancreas of hyperlipidaemic rats

AboulMahasen

Alshali

2019

Folia Morphol

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“…In combination with other risk factors like alcohol, tobacco, or pharmaceutical drugs ischemia can turn into a local inducer of acute pancreatitis [16]. Patients with familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency have an idiosyncratic risk for recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis [17]. Also, pregnant women have an inherent risk for hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis, based on a hormone triggered elevation of cholesterol and triglyceride levels [18].…”

Section: Acute Pancreatitis: Definition and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology and Risk Factors of Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis

Weiss

Laemmerhirt

Lerch³

2019

Visc Med

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Based on the recognition of common etiological and genetic risk factors, acute and chronic pancreatitis are increasingly regarded as a continuum of the same disease, with a significant overlap of clinical manifestations and phenotypes but distinct morphological and imaging appearances. Recent population-based and cohort studies have found that tobacco smoke conveys a greater risk than immoderate alcohol consumption for the development of chronic pancreatitis, and hypertriglyceridemia has been identified as a risk factor for acute pancreatitis – even when plasma levels are only mildly elevated. Hereditary pancreatitis, in its autosomal dominant form, is associated with mutations in the cationic trypsinogen gene (PRSS1), whereas a number of germline variations in other genes have been found to represent risk factors for chronic as well as acute pancreatitis. For now, most of these involve the pancreatic digestive protease/antiprotease system. Oftentimes, affected patients are burdened with multiple or accumulating risk factors, and genetic traits when combined with environmental toxins compound the chance of developing the disease. Determining the underlying etiology of pancreatitis is worth the effort since formerly intractable varieties such as autoimmune pancreatitis are now becoming increasingly treatable, and subtype-specific therapeutic modalities may become available.

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“…Incidence of ARDS was found in 6.6% cases and mortality in this group also was 50% 9 . Important facts the study reveals is that transient hypotension (13.3%), transient myocardial ischemia (6.6%) with ST-T changes and diastolic dysfunction and ARDS (6.6%) are relatively uncommon complications of acute pancreatitis but they are associated with high early mortality 10 . Their early detection warrants intensive therapy and management including surgical debridement to reduce early mortality 11 .…”

Section: R E S U L T Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation on Uncommon Complications of Acute Pancreatitis

Singh¹,

Mudang²,

Kumar³

2020

jemds

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A B S T R A C T BACKGROUNDAcute pancreatitis is a sudden inflammation of pancreas that lasts for a short time. It may range from mild discomfort to a severe, life threatening illness. Abdominal pain which is the major symptom of acute pancreatitis may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension. 1 There may be low grade fever with features of shock which is not unusual. 2 Most people with acute pancreatitis recover completely after getting the right treatment. About 80% of cases of acute attack are self-limited and recover spontaneously within a week after the treatment. But in severe cases, acute pancreatitis can result in bleeding into the gland, serious tissue damage, infection and cyst formation. Severe pancreatitis can also harm other vital organs such as heart, lungs and kidneys. Transient hypotension, transient myocardial ischemia reflected by ST-T changes in ECG and associated with diastolic dysfunction and ARDS are uncommon complications of acute pancreatitis. This study was conducted to evaluate their incidence and prognostic significance in acute pancreatitis. METHODSThis study was conducted in Patna Medical College Hospital, Patna, on admitted cases during the period august 2018 -august 2019. A total of 30 cases were included in this study who were diagnosed as acute pancreatitis and gave written consent for the same. Patients with association or history of stroke, head injury, CNS infection, features of demyelination, acute coronary syndrome, cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and established liver disease were excluded. RESULTSThe incidence of transient hypotension, transient myocardial ischemia and ARDS in this study was found to be 13.3%, 6.6% and 6.6% respectively and they were all associated with high mortality. CONCLUSIONSThe commonest risk factor of acute pancreatitis was seen to be Gall Stone followed by Alcoholism, hyperlipidaemia and smoking in this study also. The overall mortality (13.3%) in this study was slightly lower than other studies. and this may be due to small sample size and variation of mortality with time of admission. Transient hypotension, transient myocardial ischemia reflected by ST-T changes in ECG, associated with diastolic dysfunction and ARDS were observed as uncommon complications of acute pancreatitis. Their incidence in this study were 13.3%, 6.6% and 6.6% respectively and they were all associated with high mortality. The clinical significance of their early detection is that the early mortality can be reduced with intensive medical and surgical management.

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Hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis: Epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical management

Cited by 174 publications

References 48 publications

The possible protective effects of virgin olive oil and Nigella sativa seeds on the biochemical and histopathological changes in pancreas of hyperlipidaemic rats

The possible protective effects of virgin olive oil and Nigella sativa seeds on the biochemical and histopathological changes in pancreas of hyperlipidaemic rats

Etiology and Risk Factors of Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis

Observation on Uncommon Complications of Acute Pancreatitis

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