Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of bovine fetal tissues during development: fetal liver insulin-like growth factor I mRNA expression.

Godfredson, J. A.; Holland, M.D.; Odde, K. G.; Hossner, K. L.

doi:10.2527/1991.6931074x

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Results from the present study using Northern blotting and hybridization demonstrated that the human IGF-I cDNA used binds to mRNA of adult bovine liver and granulosa cells; transcripts of approximately 7 to 8 kb, 4 kb, 2 kb, and 1 kb were found in liver tissue and granulosa cells. Similar-sized transcripts have been identified in adult bovine (Godfredson et al, 1991;Hannon et al, 1991) and human (Rotwein, 1986) liver and in adult bovine endometrium . Moreover, IGF-I mRNA has been detected in human granulosa cells (Voutilainen and Miller, 1987) and rat ovaries Oliver et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I, and gonadotropins on bovine granulosa cell proliferation, progesterone production, estradiol production, and(or) insulin-like growth factor I production in vitro1

Spicer

Alpízar

Echternkamp

1993

Journal of Animal Science

269

140

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The objectives of the present studies were to determine the effect of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), testosterone, and FSH on proliferation, progesterone production, and(or) estradiol production of bovine granulosa cells. In addition, existence of IGF-I mRNA in granulosa cells and in vitro IGF-I production by granulosa cells were assessed. Cells from small (1 to 5 mm) and large (> or = 8 mm) follicles were collected from cattle and cultured for either 3 or 4 d. When cells from small follicles were cultured, insulin (.1 to 10 micrograms/mL) and IGF-I (100 to 400 ng/mL) increased (P < .05) cell numbers compared with controls. Insulin alone or IGF-I alone increased (P < .05) progesterone production per cell by severalfold on d 4. In cells from both sizes of follicles, insulin (1 microgram/mL), in the presence of FSH, increased estradiol production per cell. In contrast, IGF-I (100 ng/mL) inhibited estradiol production by cells from small follicles and stimulated estradiol production by cells from large follicles. Insulin-like growth factor II (100 ng/mL) and insulin at higher doses (> or = 5 micrograms/mL) had no effect on estradiol production by cells from small and large follicles. Granulosa cells contained four IGF-I mRNA transcripts and produced IGF-I in vitro. These results support the hypothesis that insulin and IGF-I may have direct local effects on bovine ovarian function, and that these effects are influenced by dose and size of follicle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I, and gonadotropins on bovine granulosa cell proliferation, progesterone production, estradiol production, and(or) insulin-like growth factor I production in vitro1

Spicer

Alpízar

Echternkamp

1993

Journal of Animal Science

269

140

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“…For liver and heart growth, Godfredson et al (1991) showed an accelerated growth in cattle fetus in the third stage of gestation, which agrees with our results. These findings for cattle were also similar to other livestock animals such as pig and sheep.…”

Section: Organ Developmentsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Fetal body weight (BW) and its components, protein and fat, increase exponentially with gestational age in cattle (Prior and Laster, 1979;Robelin et al, 1991). Different growth patterns for BW, organs, muscles, and body fat, expressed relative to BW in cattle, were reported by Ferrel (1991) and Godfredson et al (1991) and in sheep by Osgerby et al (2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Growth- and Breed-related Changes of Fetal Development in Cattle

Mao¹,

Albrecht²,

Teuscher³

et al. 2008

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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Breed differences in adult animals are determined during fetal development. If interventions are to be developed that influence growth of muscle and fat, it is important to know at which time during gestation breed differences appear and are fixed. The objective of this study was to characterize fetal development in cattle of different breeds. Pregnant cows of 4 cattle breeds with different growth impetus and muscularity were slaughtered under normal processing conditions and the fetuses were removed. German Angus, a typical beef cattle; Galloway, a smaller, environmentally resistant beef type; Holstein Friesian, a dairy type; and Belgian Blue, an extreme type for muscle growth were used. Fetuses of each breed were investigated at 3, 6, and 9 mo of gestation. Fetuses were weighed and dissected into carcass, organs, and muscles. Body fat weight was obtained using the Soxhlet extraction method. Fetal weight increased most rapidly in the third trimester of gestation mainly due to the accelerated muscle and fat deposition. The organ weight to body weight (BW) ratios decreased and the muscle and fat weight to BW ratios increased. At 3 mo of gestation, Galloway fetuses had the significantly smallest BW, half-carcass weight, leg weight, organ weight, muscle weight and shortest leg length. In contrast, Holstein fetuses had the significantly greatest BW, liver, kidney, and lung weights and significantly longest leg length among the 4 breeds, but no differences between Holstein Friesian and Belgian Blue were detected in half-carcass and leg weight. Indeed, Belgian Blue fetuses had the significantly greatest half-carcass weight, leg weight, and muscle weight at 9 mo of gestation, and Galloway had a significantly greater body fat to BW ratio than Holstein Friesian and Belgian Blue. These differences were not evident at 3 and 6 mo of gestation. These data show that the profound increase of tissue and organ weights occurred in later gestation in cattle fetuses even though breed differences were evident as early as 3 mo of gestation. Depending on the tissue of interest, impacting fetal growth likely needs to occur early in gestation before the appearance of breed-specific differences.

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“…The liver is the primary source of circulating IGF (Sjögren et al, 1999), and it is possible that size or development of the liver, as infl uenced by maternal nutrition, could infl uence the expression of components of the IGF system. Absolute, but not relative, fetal liver weight was decreased in fetuses of ewes overnourished during gestation (Wallace et al, 2000(Wallace et al, , 2002Matsuzaki et al, 2004); however, Godfredson et al (1991) reported that abundance of IGF1 mRNA in bovine fetal livers were not correlated with liver weight. Rhoads et al (2000) reported that hepatic expression of the IGF1 gene was reduced in growth-retarded fetuses at 130 d of gestation, reduced in lambs maintained on a low versus high level of nutrition in early postnatal life, but not altered by postnatal nutrition in weaned lambs.…”

Section: Liver Mrna Analysismentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of overfeeding naturally-mated adolescent ewes on maternal, fetal, and postnatal lamb growth1

Peel

Eckerle

Anthony

2012

Journal of Animal Science

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of overfeeding naturally-mated adolescent ewes (Ovis aries) on maternal, fetal, and postnatal lamb growth, hormone concentrations, and lamb carcass characteristics. Two experiments were conducted in which singleton-bearing adolescent ewes were fed a diet containing 2.72 Mcal/kg ME at a rate which met NRC gestational age requirements (MN; n = 10 in Exp. 1, n = 7 in Exp. 2) or were fed the same diet ad libitum (15% refusal rate) throughout gestation (HN; n = 7 in Exp. 1, n = 6 in Exp. 2). Ewe BW was greater (P < 0.05) for HN than MN ewes beginning on 75 d and 52 d of gestation for Exp. 1 and 2, respectively. Final BCS was greater (P ≤ 0.05) for HN than MN ewes in both experiments; 3.5 vs. 3.0, respectively, for Exp. 1, and 4.8 vs. 2.9, respectively, for Exp. 2. Fasting maternal blood insulin concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in HN ewes near term (135 d of gestation), whereas fasting maternal glucose concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.05) during most of the second half of gestation in HN ewes, for both experiments. Gestation length did not differ (P = 0.69) between treatments in Exp. 1, but in Exp. 2, HN ewes had shorter (P = 0.01) gestation lengths (144 vs. 149 d) and had increased (P = 0.002) dystocia scores. Fetal abdominal circumference was greater (P < 0.05) in lambs from MN than HN ewes at 97 d of gestation in Exp. 1 (20.8 vs. 17.4 cm) but did not differ (P = 0.94) between treatments at 95 d of gestation in Exp. 2 (averaging 20.5 cm). There were no differences (P ≥ 0.15) in lamb BW, abdominal circumference, crown-rump length, and biparietal distance at birth; or in postnatal BW and plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, and lactate in either experiment. There were no differences (P ≥ 0.18) in HCW, dressing percentage, LM area, fat thickness, or KPH between treatments in Exp. 2. Although there was no difference (P ≥ 0.31) between treatments in concentrations of IGF1 or IGF2 mRNA in liver samples collected at harvest, lambs from MN ewes had greater (P ≤ 0.05) concentrations of IGF1R and INSR mRNA, suggesting long-term effects of maternal diet on postnatal hepatic function. In conclusion, excess nutrition during gestation in naturally-mated adolescent ewes did not affect birth weight or postnatal performance of offspring.

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Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of bovine fetal tissues during development: fetal liver insulin-like growth factor I mRNA expression.

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I, and gonadotropins on bovine granulosa cell proliferation, progesterone production, estradiol production, and(or) insulin-like growth factor I production in vitro1

Effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I, and gonadotropins on bovine granulosa cell proliferation, progesterone production, estradiol production, and(or) insulin-like growth factor I production in vitro1

Growth- and Breed-related Changes of Fetal Development in Cattle

Effects of overfeeding naturally-mated adolescent ewes on maternal, fetal, and postnatal lamb growth1

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