Hyperventilation Syndrome

Missri, José; Alexander, Sidney

doi:10.1001/jama.1978.03290190071038

Cited by 41 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Respiratory changes, including the "hyperventilation syndrome," are associated with anxiety (Jones & Mellersh, 1946;Coppen & Mezey;1960, Goldstein, 1964Lum, 1975;Missri & Alexander, 1978;CompernoUe et al, 1979;Magarian, 1982;Pincus & Tucker, 1985;Bass et al, 1983;Bass & Gardner, 1985;Clark, 1986). Patients tend to breathe faster and less efficiently than normal subjects.…”

Section: Autonomic and Cardiovascular Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic hormonal and physiological abnormalities in anxiety disorders

Cameron

Nesse

1988

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Among the studies of systemic hormonal and physiological abnormalities associated with anxiety disorders, the most consistent and extensive findings suggest (a) peripheral adrenergic hyperactivity (including increases in norepinephrine but not epinephrine) and functional dysregulation, (b) increased incidence of mitral valve prolapse in panic patients, and (c) normal suppressibility of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortical endocrine system with dexamethasone in panic patients. Other less-certain findings include (a) increased circulating concentrations of plasma ACTH and/or cortisol, and prolactin, in panic patients, (b) increased platelet monoamine oxidase activity in generalized anxiety and/or panic patients, (c) decreased gonadal axis activity in some anxious individuals, (d) decreased nighttime melatonin plasma concentrations in panic patients, and (e) peripheral alpha 2 and beta-adrenoreceptor down-regulation, with normal serotonin binding parameters. These findings, taken together, provide tentative support for dysfunction in adrenergic and GABAergic central nervous system mechanisms in people with anxiety disorders. Abnormal anxiety and normal stress both show evidence of adrenergic hyperactivity; however, there appear to be differences in hormonal profiles, especially the apparent lack of increase of epinephrine during panic attacks, as well as differences in the reactivity of the system, and in the "trigger" mechanisms which determine when the response occurs.

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Section: Autonomic and Cardiovascular Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic hormonal and physiological abnormalities in anxiety disorders

Cameron

Nesse

1988

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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“…Although terminology of anxiety‐related disorders is rather confused 8 , it seems inappropriate to categorise her response as a ‘panic attack‘. Clinical appraisal of ventilation may be unreliable 9 and mild forms of hyperventilation associated with features mimicking other conditions probably pass unrecognised 5 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperventilation and acute appendicitis

Willan

Duncan

1987

Int J Clinical Practice

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“…Hyperventilation results in a decrease of systemic arterial pressure and increases cardiac output [24]. Thus, it may have a significant role in the vasodilation seen in S.B.B.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%