Hypoactivation in right inferior frontal cortex is specifically associated with motor response inhibition in adult ADHD

Morein‐Zamir, Sharon; Dodds, Chris; Hartevelt, Tim J. van; Schwarzkopf, Wolfgang; Sahakian, Barbara J.; Müller, Ulrich; Robbins, Trevor W.

doi:10.1002/hbm.22539

Cited by 58 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…We reported that MPH normalized the hemodynamic responses in the right middle and inferior gyri during a motor-related inhibitory task (go/no-go task) using fNIRS on young ADHD children (Monden et al, 2012b), which was in accordance with previous evidence from a study with adult ADHD patients and fMRI (Morein-Zamir et al, 2014). …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Acute neuropharmacological effects of atomoxetine on inhibitory control in ADHD children: A fNIRS study

Nagashima¹,

Monden²,

Dan

et al. 2014

NeuroImage: Clinical

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The object of the current study is to explore the neural substrate for effects of atomoxetine (ATX) on inhibitory control in school-aged children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). We monitored the oxy-hemoglobin signal changes of sixteen ADHD children (6–14 years old) performing a go/no-go task before and 1.5 h after ATX or placebo administration, in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Sixteen age- and gender-matched normal controls without ATX administration were also monitored. In the control subjects, the go/no-go task recruited the right inferior and middle prefrontal gyri (IFG/MFG), and this activation was absent in pre-medicated ADHD children. The reduction of right IFG/MFG activation was acutely normalized after ATX administration but not placebo administration in ADHD children. These results are reminiscent of the neuropharmacological effects of methylphenidate to up-regulate reduced right IFG/MFG function in ADHD children during inhibitory tasks. As with methylphenidate, activation in the IFG/MFG could serve as an objective neuro-functional biomarker to indicate the effects of ATX on inhibitory control in ADHD children. This promising technique will enhance early clinical diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in children, especially in those with a hyperactivity/impulsivity phenotype.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Acute neuropharmacological effects of atomoxetine on inhibitory control in ADHD children: A fNIRS study

Nagashima¹,

Monden²,

Dan

et al. 2014

NeuroImage: Clinical

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“…Figure 1 shows the PRISMA flow chart (44) of the selected studies. Including the 16 previously included datasets (10–12;45–57) from (6), we retained a total of 26 datasets (10–13;35–43;45–57) for qualitative synthesis and 24 datasets (10–13;35–38;40;41;43;45–57) for meta-analysis [two studies (39;42) did not report coordinates that could be entered into meta-analyses]. The Supplement lists the studies from the updated search that were not included in the meta-analysis, with reasons for their non-inclusion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the meta-analysis of ADHD-related hyperactivated regions would have been underpowered (24), we did not run it. Excluding two studies (39;42) reporting no significant contrasts between adults with ADHD and controls, we found a total of 12 papers including tasks exploring inhibition (10–13;35;40;41;45;47;48;50;52) (reporting, overall, 10 contrasts “Controls > ADHD” and 6 contrasts “ADHD > Controls”), six including working memory tasks (37;46;51;54;56;57), six focusing on attention tests (40;41;47–50), five assessing reward processes (35;36;42;43;49;53), one using the instructed fear test (38) and one based on the paced/unpaced finger tapping test (55). Therefore, we did not perform planned sub-group analyses based on task type because the number of contrasts was substantially less than 15 (24).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we did not perform planned sub-group analyses based on task type because the number of contrasts was substantially less than 15 (24). Studies with comorbidity-free participants (n=18) (10–13;35–37;39;41;45;46;50;52–57) reported 14 contrasts “Controls > ADHD” and 8 contrasts “ADHD > Controls”. We pooled only the contrasts “Controls > ADHD” from these studies, highlighting the preliminary nature of this analysis, since the number of studies fell just below our threshold.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Decoding and Meta-analytic Connectivity Modeling in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cortese

Eickhoff

D’Acunto

et al. 2016

Biological Psychiatry

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Background Task-based fMRI studies of adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have revealed various ADHD-related dysfunctional brain regions, with heterogeneous findings across studies. Here, we used novel meta-analytic data-driven approaches to characterize the function and connectivity profile of ADHD-related dysfunctional regions consistently detected across studies. Methods We first conducted an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of 24 task-based fMRI studies in adults with ADHD. Each ADHD-related dysfunctional region resulting from the ALE meta-analysis was then analyzed using functional decoding based on ~7,500 fMRI experiments in the BrainMap database. This approach allows mapping brain regions to functions not necessarily tested in individual studies, thus suggesting possible novel functions for those regions. Additionally, ADHD-related dysfunctional regions were clustered based on their functional co-activation profiles across all the experiments stored in BrainMap (meta-analytic connectivity modeling). Results ADHD-related hypoactivation was found in left putamen, left inferior frontal gyrus (pars opercularis), left temporal pole, and right caudate. Functional decoding mapped the left putamen and the left temporal lobe to cognitive aspects of music perception/reproduction and language semantics, respectively; both these regions clustered together based on their meta-analytic functional connectivity. Left inferior gyrus mapped to executive function tasks; right caudate mapped both to executive functions tasks and music-related processes. Conclusions Our study provides meta-analytic support to the hypothesis that, in addition to well-known deficits in typical executive functions, impairment in processes related to music perception/reproduction and language semantics may be involved in the pathophysiology of adult ADHD.

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“…As for functional changes, patients with ADHD have been shown to have abnormal activity in the orbitofrontal, middle temporal, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Fig 4). Hypoactivation in the inferior frontal cortex in patients with ADHD has been related to impaired behavioral response inhibition, which is a central neurobehavioral feature of ADHD (78). Hyperactivation in the striatum and mediotemporal areas during working memory tasks suggests that atypical corticostriatal circuitry may be an important component in the pathyphysiology of ADHD (7).…”

Section: State Of the Art: Psychoradiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychoradiology: The Frontier of Neuroimaging in Psychiatry

Lui¹,

et al. 2016

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Unlike neurologic conditions, such as brain tumors, dementia, and stroke, the neural mechanisms for all psychiatric disorders remain unclear. A large body of research obtained with structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography/single photon emission computed tomography, and optical imaging has demonstrated regional and illness-specific brain changes at the onset of psychiatric disorders and in individuals at risk for such disorders. Many studies have shown that psychiatric medications induce specific measurable changes in brain anatomy and function that are related to clinical outcomes. As a result, a new field of radiology, termed psychoradiology, seems primed to play a major clinical role in guiding diagnostic and treatment planning decisions in patients with psychiatric disorders. This article will present the state of the art in this area, as well as perspectives regarding preparations in the field of radiology for its evolution. Furthermore, this article will (a) give an overview of the imaging and analysis methods for psychoradiology; (b) review the most robust and important radiologic findings and their potential clinical value from studies of major psychiatric disorders, such as depression and schizophrenia; and (c) describe the main challenges and future directions in this field. An ongoing and iterative process of developing biologically based nomenclatures with which to delineate psychiatric disorders and translational research to predict and track response to different therapeutic drugs is laying the foundation for a shift in diagnostic practice in psychiatry from a psychologic symptom-based approach to an imaging-based approach over the next generation. This shift will require considerable innovations for the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of brain images, all of which will undoubtedly require the active involvement of radiologists.q RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.This copy is for personal use only. To order printed copies, contact reprints@rsna.org STATE OF THE ART: PsychoradiologyLui et al imaging study of schizophrenia with CT revealed bilaterally enlarged ventricles, which was an important con firmation of the neuropathology of the disorder (1). Since then, many psychiatry researchers have used brain imaging to elucidate the profile of brain abnormalities associated with different psychiatric disorders. This effort accelerated considerably in recent years because of the rapid and extensive growth and development in MR imaging, molecular imaging, and other diagnostic imaging techniques.Increased understanding of neurobiologic mechanisms of psychiatric disorders, increased technical capacities of human brain imaging, and many compelling demonstrations of differences between patients and control subjects in terms of brain anatomy and function provide the basis for the emergence of the clinical subspecialty of psychoradiology. Although clinical application of psychoradiology is not on the immediate horizon, th...

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Hypoactivation in right inferior frontal cortex is specifically associated with motor response inhibition in adult ADHD

Cited by 58 publications

References 64 publications

Acute neuropharmacological effects of atomoxetine on inhibitory control in ADHD children: A fNIRS study

Acute neuropharmacological effects of atomoxetine on inhibitory control in ADHD children: A fNIRS study

Functional Decoding and Meta-analytic Connectivity Modeling in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Psychoradiology: The Frontier of Neuroimaging in Psychiatry

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