Hypocholesterolemia and Affective Disorders

Glueck, Charles J.; Tieger, Murray; Kunkel, Robert; Hamer, Tracey; Tracy, Trent; Speirs, James

doi:10.1097/00000441-199410000-00002

Cited by 32 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We also found that the pa tients with MDD only had lower HDL-C than the did pa tients with GAD only and healthy con trol subjects. This find ing is con sis tent with re cent stud ies that have found lower se rum HDL-C lev els to be a marker for MDD (9,25). HDL-C lev els in pa tients with GAD only were not differ ent from those in con trol sub jects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Serum Lipid Concentrations in Patients with Comorbid Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder

2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ob jec tive:To ex am ine the lipid lev els in a sam ple of pa tients with comorbid gen er al ized anx i ety dis or der (GAD) and ma jor depres sive dis or der (MDD).Methods: Se rum lipid con cen tra tions were ex am ined in 40 pa tients with both GAD and MDD, in 27 pa tients with MDD only, in 26 pa tients with GAD only, and in 24 healthy con trol sub jects.Re sults: All mean se rum cho les terol con cen tra tions are pre sented in Ta ble 1. The mean se rum to tal cho les terol con cen tra tion in pa tients with both GAD and MDD was sig nif i cantly higher than in MDD-only pa tients, GAD-only pa tients, and con trol sub jects. The triglyceride con cen tra tion was also sig nif i cantly higher in pa tients with both GAD and MDD than in MDD-only pa tients, GAD-only pa tients, and con trol sub jects. Pa tients with both GAD and MDD had a lower mean high-density li po pro tein cho lesterol (HDL-C) con cen tra tion than did pa tients with GAD only and con trol sub jects. The se rum con cen tra tion of low-density li popro tein cho les terol (LDL-C) was higher in pa tients with both GAD and MDD than in pa tients with MDD only and GAD only and healthy con trol sub jects. Con clu sions: Our find ings in di cate that the pa tients with both GAD and MDD have in creased se rum cho les t erol, triglyceride, and LDL-C and re duced HDL-C lev els. These pa tients may have a greater risk of mor tal ity from cor o nary ar tery dis ease (CAD) than do pa tients with ei ther de pres sion or anx i ety dis or der. H igh se rum lipid con cen tra tions are closely as so ci ated with stress and anx i ety (1,2). Sev eral in ves ti ga tions have dem on strated that both nat u ral and ex per i men tally induced stress re sult in a sig nif i cant in crease in cho les terol (3,4). There fore, the pres ence of anx i ety may in crease the risk for cor o nary heart dis ease. Sym pa thetic ac ti va tion in gen er alized anx i ety dis or der (GAD) (5) and in panic dis or der (PD) (4,6) causes an in crease in the ac tiv ity of li po pro tein lipase through the re lease of epi neph rine and corticosteroids. This hy per ac tiv ity in li po pro tein lipase re sults in an in crease in free fatty ac ids which may be con verted into cho les terol. Previ ous stud ies also re ported an as so ci a tion be tween low choles terol lev els and ma jor de pres sive dis or der (MDD) (7-11). Maes and oth ers sug gested that MDD was ac com pa nied by re duced for ma tion of cholesteryl es ters and by im paired reverse cho les terol trans port (9). Hay ward and oth ers (12) and Bajwa and oth ers (13) found that PD pa tients had sig nif icantly higher cho les terol lev els com pared with MDD pa tients and healthy con trol sub jects. Bajwa and oth ers also re ported that among MDD pa tients, a his tory of anx i ety dis or ders (GAD, sim ple pho bia, PD) was as so ci ated with a sig nif i cant el e va tion of se rum cho les terol lev els (13). Agargun and others found that PD pa tients had higher se rum cho les terol than did PD pa tients with comorbid MDD and nor mal c...

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Serum Lipid Concentrations in Patients with Comorbid Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder

2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the finding in the present study is at variance with some others who could not confirm any association between high triglyceride values and depression or psychological symptoms. Engelberg (1992) and Glueck et al (1994) had shown that low serum cholesterol concentration is associated with suicide. However, plasma lipid profiles in the subgroup of patients that had suicidal tendency or made an attempt to commit suicide in this study did not reveal an striking changes in lipid concentration when compared with the corresponding levels in other depressed subjects who had no tendency for suicide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a large Swedish population, Suarez et al (1999) noted that a low serum cholesterol level was associated with a higher prevalence of depression in middle-aged women. Also several studies have reported low total plasma cholesterol concentrations in depression (Glueck et al, 1994, Chen et al, 2000 while others did not show any relationship between circulating levels of cholesterol and incidence of depression (McCallom et al, 1994). However, in some earlier studies (van Doornen andvan Blockland, 1987, Shizuka andYambe, 2001) significantly elevated plasma lipid concentrations were associated with persistent depressive feelings.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Evaluation of plasma lipids and lipoproteins in nigerians suffering from depressive illness

Onuegbu¹,

Agbedana²,

Baiyewu³

et al. 2010

African Journal of Biomedical Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are conflicting reports on the role of plasma lipids in depressive illness. Very little is known about the lipid and lipoprotein status in Nigerian adults suffering from depression. One hundred subjects consisting of sixty (60) depressed patients with mean age (40.3±12.3 yrs) and forty (40) apparently healthy controls (40.1±10.1 yrs) were selected for the study. All subjects were free from medication at least one month prior to the start of the experiment. The anthropometric indices were also determined. There was a significant increase in plasma triglyceride concentration in depressed subjects when compared to control values (p<0.01). However, the plasma total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and body mass index (BMI) did not significantly differ from control values. The mean plasma triglyceride was significantly increased in female patients in comparison to corresponding female controls. Plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels did not demonstrate any definite pattern with increasing level of depression in patients. In conclusion, plasma lipid levels could play a significant role in depressive illness in Nigerians

show abstract

“…Reductions in plasma cholesterol levels are a major health goal for the Developed World, as it is seen as an essential factor in the prevention of CHD (AHA/Medical Scientific Statement, 1997) and ischaemic strokes. Nevertheless, a number of studies indicated that low or decreasing levels of cholesterol are associated with increased rates of death from suicide (for example, see Gallerani et al 1995), incidence of depression (Glueck et al 1994) and impaired cognitive function (in terms of choice reaction time; Benton, 1995). There is also some cross-sectional data to suggest that higher cholesterol levels are associated with better cognitive function .…”

Section: Cholesterol Levels and Cognitive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional influences on cognitive function: mechanisms of susceptibility

Gibson

Green

2002

NRR

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The impact of nutritional variation, within populations not overtly malnourished, on cognitive function and arousal is considered. The emphasis is on susceptibility to acute effects of meals and glucose loads, and chronic effects of dieting, on mental performance, and effects of cholesterol and vitamin levels on cognitive impairment. New developments in understanding dietary influences on neurohormonal systems, and their implications for cognition and affect, allow reinterpretation of both earlier and recent findings. Evidence for a detrimental effect of omitting a meal on cognitive performance remains equivocal: from the outset, idiosyncrasy has prevailed. Yet, for young and nutritionally vulnerable children, breakfast is more likely to benefit than hinder performance. For nutrient composition, despite inconsistencies, some cautious predictions can be made. Acutely, carbohydrate-rich-protein-poor meals can be sedating and anxiolytic; by comparison, protein-rich meals may be arousing, improving reaction time but also increasing unfocused vigilance. Fat-rich meals can lead to a decline in alertness, especially where they differ from habitual fat intake. These acute effects may vary with time of day and nutritional status. Chronically, protein-rich diets have been associated with decreased positive and increased negative affect relative to carbohydrate-rich diets. Probable mechanisms include diet-induced changes in monoamine, especially serotoninergic neurotransmitter activity, and functioning of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis. Effects are interpreted in the context of individual traits and susceptibility to challenging, even stressful, tests of performance. Preoccupation with dieting may impair cognition by interfering with working memory capacity, independently of nutritional status. The change in cognitive performance after administration of glucose, and other foods, may depend on the level of sympathetic activation, glucocorticoid secretion, and pancreatic ␤-cell function, rather than simple fuelling

show abstract

Hypocholesterolemia and Affective Disorders

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Serum Lipid Concentrations in Patients with Comorbid Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder

Serum Lipid Concentrations in Patients with Comorbid Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder

Evaluation of plasma lipids and lipoproteins in nigerians suffering from depressive illness

Nutritional influences on cognitive function: mechanisms of susceptibility

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About