Hypocholesterolemic effect of sesame lignan in humans

Hirata, Fumihiko; Fujita, Kazuyuki; Ishikura, Yoshiyuki; Hosoda, Kazuaki; Ishikawa, Takahiro; Nakamura, Haruo

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(95)05769-2

Cited by 220 publications

(137 citation statements)

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“…This may have been partly due to the small number of subjects and low-dose administration of sesamin compared to that in rats per kg of body weight. The amount of sesamin administered (60 mg per day) was decided according to a previous clinical study in which the hypocholesterolemic effect of sesame lignan and sesamin induced almost no side effects in any subjects (5). Sixty milligrams of sesamin is equivalent to about 8 tablespoons of sesame, and it is difficult to get this amount from sesame seeds everyday.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hirata et al ( 5 ) showed that, in males with hypercholesterolemia, oral administration of 9 capsules (each capsule contained 3.6 mg sesamin and 18 mg vitamin E) per day for 4 wk, followed by 18 capsules per day for 4 wk significantly reduced serum total and LDL cholesterol levels. Kiso ( 8 ) reported that 36 mg sesamin 2 h before high intensity exercise suppressed the rise in plasma lipid peroxide levels significantly in 7 male college students.…”

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Antihypertensive Effects of Sesamin in Humans

Miyawaki

Aono

Toyoda‐Ono

et al. 2009

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

107

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Summary Sesamin, one of the lignans contained in sesame, has been considered to have medicinal effects. It has been reported that sesamin suppressed the development of hypertension in rats. In this study, using a double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled trial, we investigated the effect of 4-wk administration of sesamin on blood pressure (BP) in mildly hypertensive humans. Twenty-five middle-aged subjects with mild hypertension were divided into two groups, matched by age and body mass index. Twelve subjects were allocated to 4-wk intake of capsules with 60 mg sesamin per day and 13 subjects to 4-wk intake of a placebo (period 1). After a 4-wk washout period, the subjects received the alternative administration for 4 wk (period 2). BP decreased with statistical significance with the administration of sesamin (systolic: 137.6 Ϯ 2.2 to 134.1 Ϯ 1.7 mmHg, p ϭ 0.044, diastolic: 87.7 Ϯ 1.3 to 85.8 Ϯ 1.0 mmHg, p ϭ 0.045), but little changed with the placebo (systolic: 135.0 Ϯ 1.8 to 135.1 Ϯ 1.7 mmHg, diastolic: 85.9 Ϯ 1.2 to 86.6 Ϯ 1.2 mmHg). In conclusion, 4-wk administration of 60 mg sesamin significantly decreased BP by an average of 3.5 mmHg systolic BP and 1.9 mmHg diastolic BP. These results suggest that sesamin has an antihypertensive effect in humans. Epidemiological studies suggested that a 2-3 mmHg decrease in BP reduces the rate of cardiovascular diseases; therefore, it is considered that BP reduction achieved by sesamin may be meaningful to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Key Words sesamin, hypertension, double-blind, cross-over study, antihypertensive effects Sesame seeds have been commonly used as a traditional health food since ancient times in Asian regions. Sesamin seeds contain not only oil and protein but also characteristic lignans, such as sesamin (0.01-1.0%) and sesamolin. Sesamin is epimerized during acid-clay bleaching in the oil refining process to form episesamin ( Fig. 1) ( 1 ).It seems that sesamin was absorbed via the portal vein in the native form and metabolized to the mono-or di-catechol compound by enzymes in hepatocytes. Both metabolites had antioxidant activity in the liver and were finally conjugated with glucuronic acid by glucuronidase for excretion into bile ( 2 ).Several studies have shown the biological activities of sesamin: anti-oxidative activity ( 2 , 3 ); cholesterol and lipid-lowering ( 4 -8 ); protection against liver damage ( 8 -10 ); synergy with ␣ -tocopherol ( 6 , 11 ) and improvement in the bioavailability of ␥ -tocopherol ( 12 -14 ); anticarcinogenic activities ( 15 , 16 ); and precursors of mammalian lignans ( 17 , 18 ). It has been also reported that sesamin suppressed the development of hypertension in rats ( 2 , 19 -26 ).There are also clinical studies about the effects of sesamin in humans. Hirata et al. ( 5 ) showed that, in males with hypercholesterolemia, oral administration of 9 capsules (each capsule contained 3.6 mg sesamin and 18 mg vitamin E) per day for 4 wk, followed by 18 capsules per day for 4 wk significantly reduced serum total and LDL chole...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antihypertensive Effects of Sesamin in Humans

Miyawaki

Aono

Toyoda‐Ono

et al. 2009

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

107

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“…Sesame oil compounds have multiple physiological functions, such as estrogenic activity, providing anti-inflammatory functions, decreasing blood lipids and arachidonic acid levels (Hirata et al, 1996;Kita,1998) and increasing antioxidant capability and ã-tocopherol bioavailability (Jannat et al, 2010).…”

Section: Main Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical applicability of natural product(s)-containing mouthwashes as adjunctive treatment of biofilm-induced gingivitis: a systematic review

Freires

Silva

Alves

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. plantas med.

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RESUMO: Aplicabilidade clínica de colutórios à base de produtos naturais como tratamento adjuvante da gengivite induzida por biofilme: uma revisão sistemática. Os produtos naturais têm surgido como alternativa eficaz e de baixo custo para o tratamento de várias doenças da cavidade oral. Objetivou-se avaliar, a partir de revisão sistemática da literatura, se há evidências científicas garantindo a utilização segura e eficaz de antissépticos bucais contendo produto(s) natural(is) como tratamento adjuvante da gengivite induzida por biofilme. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados Medline, SciELO, LILACS e Cochrane Library, através de combinações usando as palavras-chave gengivite/produtos naturais/ fitoterápicos/ bochechos, em Inglês, Português e Espanhol. Consideraram-se os estudos publicados até setembro de 2010. Quatro examinadores analisaram separadamente: desenho e fase do estudo, qualidade metodológica (escala de Jadad -EJ), produto experimental e a concentração, intervalo de administração e tempo de uso, bem como a análise estatística empregada e os resultados clínicos de interesse. Foram encontrados 503 artigos dos quais 08 foram incluídos na revisão final como sendo ensaios clínicos fase II, controlados, randomizados e cegos, marcando 4 (25%) e 5 (75%) na EJ. Os principais produtos naturais avaliados foram Azadirachta indica, Garcinia mangostana, Lippia sidoides, Salvadora persica e Sesamum indicum, cuja concentração, intervalo de administração, tempo de uso, e efeitos adversos, variaram de acordo com cada estudo. Índice de placa e Índice Gengival foram os mais utilizados, bem como =5% e testes t-pareado, tStudent, Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney. 62,5% e 50% dos produtos reduziram significativamente a presença de bioflme supragengival e gengivite, respectivamente. Os colutórios contendo o óleo essencial das folhas de L. sidoides (1%) e o extrato das folhas de A. indica (25%) podem ser indicados como tratamento adjuvante da gengivite induzida por biofilme.Palavras-chave: produtos naturais, gengivite, biofilmes, ensaios clínicos, enxaguatório bucal ABSTRACT: Natural products have emerged as an effective and low-cost alternative for treating various diseases of the oral cavity. This study aimed to evaluate, through a systematic literature review, if there is scientific evidence ensuring the safe and effective use of natural product(s)-containing mouthwashes as adjunctive treatment of biofilm-induced gingivitis. Searches were conducted in the databases Medline, SciELO, LILACS and Cochrane Library, by using combinations of the key words gingivitis/natural products/phytotherapy/mouthwash, in English, Portuguese and Spanish. Studies published until September 2010 were considered. Four examiners analyzed independently: study design and phase, methodological quality (Jadad scale -JE), experimental product and its concentration, dosing interval and time of usage, as well as employed statistical analysis and clinical outcome of interest. From the 503 articles found, 08 were included in the final review as phase II, cont...

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“…This could be attributed to endogenous antioxidants (lignans) together with tocopherols (Yoshida et al, 1995). Sesame is widely known as one of natural healthy foods with risk reduction properties against various disorders including hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and atherosclerosis (Hirata et al, 1996;Kang et al, 1999;Nakano et al, 2002). Diet containing sesame seeds (200 g/kg) was shown to increase both the hepatic mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation rate in rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the scientific evidence of those miraculous functions, especially the prevention of aging, has not been well established (Chen et al, 2005a). Literatures have reported a number of health benefits accruing from the consumption of sesame seeds and sesame oil (Namiki, 1995;Yamashita et al, 1995;Hirata et al, 1996;Abou-Gharbia et al, 1997;Nakano et al, 2002). Sesame seed has been recently of particular interest as a promising source for preventing or slowing carcinogenesis by means of continual administration of its beneficial compound(s) with few side effects (Sheng et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceutical Importance of Sesame Seed and Oil: A Review of the Contribution of their Lignans

Kanu¹,

Bahsoon²,

Kanu³

et al. 2010

Sierra Leone j. biomed. res.

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Sesame seed is widely used in food and nutraceutical industries in many countries because of its high oil, protein and antioxidant contents. Sesame oil contains sesamin, sesamolin and sesaminol lignan fractions, which are known to play an important role in its oxidative stability and antioxidative activity. It is widely known as one of the natural health promoting foods that has the potential to prevent various disorders such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia cancer and aging. Additionally, sesame oil may be useful in managing oxidative stress-associated diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic renal failure, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, sesame oil has multiple physiological functions such as decreasing blood lipids and arachidonic acid levels, increasing antioxidative ability and γ-tocopherol bioavailability, and providing anti-inflammatory function and potential estrogenic activity. Many health promoting effects are attributed to its lignans. Hence, this article highlights and discusses the potential health promoting effects of sesame and its oil with emphasis on the contribution of lignans.

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Hypocholesterolemic effect of sesame lignan in humans

Cited by 220 publications

References 4 publications

Antihypertensive Effects of Sesamin in Humans

Antihypertensive Effects of Sesamin in Humans

Clinical applicability of natural product(s)-containing mouthwashes as adjunctive treatment of biofilm-induced gingivitis: a systematic review

Nutraceutical Importance of Sesame Seed and Oil: A Review of the Contribution of their Lignans

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