Hypocholesterolemic Response to Karaya Saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

:Dietary karaya saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus (R. capsulatus) are known to have hypocholesterolemic actions, as reported in our previous studies. This study examined possible synergistic hypocholesterolemic effects of karaya saponin and R. capsulatus in broilers. A total of 150 broilers were allocated into 10 treatments: control, saponin 25 mg, saponin 50 mg, saponin 75 mg, saponin 25 mg+R. capsulatus 0.2 g, saponin 25 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g, saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.2 g, saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g, saponin 75 mg+R. capsulatus 0.2 g and saponin 75 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g. Feed intake and feed efficiency were improved when karaya saponin and R. capsulatus were synergistically supplemented in the diet. Combinations of karaya saponin, especially supplementation of karaya saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g were shown to have potential hypolipidemic actions in breast and thigh muscle cholesterol and triglycerides, serum cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as improved high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (p<0.05). Compared to the control, almost all the treatments significantly increased serum, liver and fecal concentrations of bile acids (p<0.05). Supplementation of both karaya saponin (75 mg) and saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g reduced palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) in a similar fashion (p<0.05). The ratios of PUFA:SFA or PUFA+MUFA:SFA in the thigh and breast muscle of broilers were greater in karaya saponin and R. capsulatus supplemented groups than in the control group. Thus, our study concluded that supplementation of karaya saponin synergistically with R. capsulatus in the diet of broilers is an effective way to obtain low-cholesterol, low-triglyceride and high HDL-cholesterol enriched poultry meat with a unique fatty acid balance.

Effect of dietary saponin rich soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) shell powder on growth performance, immunity, serum biochemistry and gut health of broiler chickens

“…In the present study, no changes in serum AST and ALT levels indicate no negative effect of dietary saponins on the liver functioning. In line with these results, no change in serum AST and ALT levels have also been observed in broiler chicken (Afrose et al, ; Gaurav, ) and broiler breeder (Chaudhary, ) due to the supplementation of dietary saponins of different sources.…”

“…In support to the results of present study, the dietary saponin have been reported to have no significant effect on the carcass characteristics of broiler chicken (Zhang et al, ). Similarly, the decreased abdominal fat percentage due to supplementation of dietary saponins was reported in broiler chicken (Miah et al, and Afrose et al, ) and Muscovy duck (Jiang et al, ). However, in contrast to our results Zhang et al () did not found any significant difference in the abdominal fat of chicken due to supplementation of dietary mango saponins for 21 or 42 days.…”

“…However, the lower serum glucose level in the present findings may be due to suppression of the transfer of glucose from the stomach to the small intestine and the inhibition of glucose transport across the brush border of the small intestine (Matsuda, Li, Murakami, Yamahara, & Yoshikawa, ) and has been observed in albino rats fed extracts of Sapindus emarginatus (Jeyabalan & Palayan, ). The lower serum cholesterol levels have also been observed in broiler chicken (Afrose et al, ; Gaurav, ) and broiler breeder (Chaudhary, ) due to the supplementation of dietary saponins of different sources. Similarly, lower serum triglycerides and LDL cholesterol were observed in goats fed saponin (Manjeet, ).…”

Soğuk Stresine Maruz Bırakılan Japon Bıldırcınlarında Diyete İlave Edilen Çöven Ekstraktının Yumurtlama Performansı, Kan Biyokimyasal Parametreleri, Göğüs Eti Yağ Asidi Profili İle Karaciğer ve Kalp Dokusu Antioksidatif Potansiyeli Üzerine Etkisi

“…In addition, 100 ppm SE significantly reduced the only AST level when compared with the control group. Inconsistent with the present study, the lowering ability of saponins on serum cholesterol has also been reported for both human and animals [7,39,40] . Consistent with this study, Yang et al [41] observed that the green tea saponins had no effect on the serum cholesterol levels of broilers.…”

“…Supporting to our results, in a lamb study, Brogna et al [48] observed that supplementing Quillaja saponin increased arachidonic acid (C20:4 ω6) and ω-3:ω-6 (LNA/LA) level of longissimus dorsi muscle but they did not observe any difference on SFA, MUFA and PUFA levels. Afrose et al [40] also, reported that Karaya saponin supplementation reduced saturated fatty acid levels due to the decrease in palmitic (C16:0) and stearic (C18:0) acids levels in the thigh and breast muscle of broilers. However they observed the total MUFA as well as PUFA were improved in response to treatment with Karaya saponin was primarily caused by the increase in oleic (C18:1) and linoleic (C18:1) acids levels in thigh and breast muscle.…”