Hypodontia – not only an orthodontic problem

Abstract

Background. The meta-analysis of the data collected in the years 1939-1993 clearly shows an increasing incidence of hypodontia. The disorder is characterized by a congenital absence of deciduous or permanent teeth. It is a significant esthetical and functional problem, which may negatively affect the patient's psychosocial development. Objectives. The aim of the study was to determine the scale of hypodontia using a sample of Polish orthodontic patients. Material and methods. The orthopantomograms and medical records of 674 patients aged 6-15 years (376 girls and 298 boys) were analyzed in order to identify dental agenesis. Deciduous and wisdom teeth were excluded from the study. Data regarding gender, the location of the disorder as well as the number and type of missing buds was recorded. Results. Hypodontia was found in 11.6% of the subjects (7.6% girls and 4% boys), more often in the mandible (44.9%) than in the maxilla (28.2%) or in both jaws (26.9%), and these differences were statistically significant (p = 0.096). The occurrence rates of uni-and bilateral hypodontia were similar: 51.3% and 48.7%, respectively. The incidence of left-sided hypodontia (37.2%) significantly prevailed over rightsided hypodontia (14.1%) (p < 0.01). Tooth 35 was the most frequently missing one (13.5%). Conclusions. The large discrepancy in hypodontia prevalence indicates that geographical differences and varying sample sizes greatly affect the results of studies. The literature lacks comprehensive studies regarding hypodontia in Poland. More studies with similar sample sizes and selection criteria need to be carried out. Through an early detection of hypodontia, it is possible to plan comprehensive, interdisciplinary treatment. Regardless of the discrepancies in the literature as to the exact location of the problem, hypodontia affects over 10% of the population of patients treated orthodontically, which justifies the need to study this issue.

Prevalence of Orthodontic Malocclusions in Healthy Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

“…X articles did not mention sex distribution. A total of 58 articles found no statistically significant differences in prevalence of malocclusion types between females and males [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 15 , 18 , 21 , 22 , 28 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 61 , 67 , 69 , 70 , 72 , 73 , 77 , 79 , 81 , 83 , 85 , 86 , 88 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 106 , 110 , 111 , 113 , 115 , 119 , 122 , 125 , 128 , 129 , ...…”

Non-syndromic tooth agenesis in Latvian adolescent dental patients: a retrospective study with relevant literature review

“…In 1997, Peltola with co-authors conducted radiological study of 14–17-year-old schoolchildren in Estonia where prevalence of missing teeth was 14%, but it was not specified if teeth were congenitally missing or extracted (Peltola et al 1997 ). High prevalence was also noted in Polish orthodontic patients—11.6% (Kielan-Grabowska et al 2019 ).…”

Reabilitação oral estética com implante estreito em paciente com agenesia dentária: Relato de caso

“…No segmento frontal, o método mais eficiente em termos estéticos é mesializar um canino no lugar de um incisivo lateral ausente. Pois é minimamente invasivo e produz um resultado relativamente rápido, embora implique a necessidade de alterar a forma e a cor dos caninos para torná-los semelhantes aos incisivos (Grabowska et al, 2019). Em contrapartida, Sasaki et al (2017) garante que o tratamento com implantes dentários para perda de dentes intermediários está bem estabelecido, possuindo como vantagem a proteção dos dentes naturais remanescentes, pois não prejudica a transmissão da força oclusal, como também não há necessidade de desgastes nos dentes vizinhos, ao contrário do tratamento protético convencional envolvendo prótese fixa e prótese parcial removível.…”

“…Assim como Grabowska et al (2019), que indica o uso do implante, porém expõe as suas restrições, sendo elas: espaço insuficiente e proximidade de estruturas anatômicas importantes nessa área devem ser levadas em consideração. Considerando a literatura atual (Grabowska et al 2019;Sasaki et al 2017), como também as características individuais do caso em questão, o implante dentário foi a opção eleita para essa reabilitação.…”