Hypoeutectic Mg–Zn binary alloys as anode materials for magnesium-air batteries

Tong, Fanglei; Chen, Xize; Wang, Qing; Wei, Shanghai; Gao, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.157579

Cited by 51 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Our previous studies reported that the microstructure of as-cast Mg−2Zn alloy consists of α-Mg, irregular shaped Mg 7 Zn 3 phase and eutectic phase (α-Mg + Mg 4 Zn 7 ). 11 The microstructure of as-cast ZT23 alloys consists of α-Mg, Mg 2 Sn phase, eutectic phase (α-Mg + Mg 4 Zn 7 ), and the hybrid phase (α-Mg + Mg 4 Zn 7 ) + Mg 2 Sn. 31,32 After solidsolution treatment, no secondary phase could be identified in Mg−2Zn and ZT23 alloys (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Discharge curves of recast Mg and Mg–2Zn (T4) and ZT23 (T4) alloy anodes at different current densities: (a) 1 mA·cm –2 ; (b) 2 mA·cm –2 ; (c) 5 mA·cm –2 , and (d) 10 mA·cm –2 in a 3.5 wt % NaCl solution …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discharge products on the anode surface were removed using a 200 g·L –1 chromic acid solution. The average voltage (calculated from 0.5 to 20 h) and the specific capacity, anodic efficiency, and specific energy density at different current densities were calculated via the same methods in our previous papers. , The morphology after discharge was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi SU70). The intermittent discharge adopted 10 h constant current discharge at 2 mA·cm –2 and 5 h rest as one cycle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alloying various elements in the Mg alloy anode is one of the effective methods to improve self-corrosion and discharge performance. ,− The solid-solution treatment has been demonstrated as an effective method to improve the toughness and corrosion resistance of alloys − because the excess secondary phases are fully dissolved in the matrix to obtain the oversaturated solid solution through this process. The corrosion mechanisms of pure Mg and solid-solution-treated Mg alloys were well studied in air and aqueous solution. ,− The solution treatment enhances more than 60% of corrosion resistance compared with the as-cast alloys as a result of uniform distribution of cathodic (intermetallics) and anodic (α-Mg) phases or the dissolved second phase in the Mg alloys .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discharge Behavior and Mechanism of Solid-Solution-Treated Alloy Anodes for Magnesium–Air Batteries

Tong

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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This work studies the properties of magnesium (Mg) alloy−air batteries with solution-treated alloys. Both Zn and Sn are eco-friendly elements with high solubilities in Mg. The effect of solid-solution Zn and Sn on Mg alloys has been studied as the anode material in Mg−air batteries. The preferred corrosion orientation extending along the (0001) basal plane has been found in pure Mg and Mg alloy anodes. Alloying Sn and Zn can alleviate the preferred corrosion during discharge. The main discharge product is Mg(OH) 2 , containing two kinds of structures�the microsized products close to the anode have a high content of ZnO/Zn(OH) 2 and SnO 1−2 oxide and the nanosized products close to the cathode. Solution-treated Mg−2 wt % Zn−3 wt % Sn alloy anodes have outstanding battery performance with a high energy density of 1594 mWh g −1 at 5 mA cm −2 , an anodic efficiency of 60.35%, and a specific density of 1291 mAh g −1 at 10 mA cm −2 .

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discharge Behavior and Mechanism of Solid-Solution-Treated Alloy Anodes for Magnesium–Air Batteries

Tong

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…5 shows the polarization curves of the four magnesium alloys, and Table 2 gives the fitted values of E corr and I corr for the electrochemical parameters obtained from the curves. The anodic polarization is related to the dissolution of magnesium, the cathodic polarization is related to the hydrogen evolution reaction, the corrosion potential represents the conditions of the reaction, and the selfcorrosion current density represents the progress of the reaction process [27].…”

Section: Electrochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Solution-treated on Electrochemical Properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy Anode

Huang

Pei

Huang

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Sci. Technol

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The effect of solution-treated on the self-corrosion performance and discharge performance of AZ91 magnesium alloy as anode material was analyzed by microscopic characterization, immersion tests, electrochemical measurements, and discharge performance tests. The study shows that the β-phase in the AZ91 magnesium alloy gradually dissolved in the matrix with the increase of the solution temperature, and the electrochemical activity of the magnesium alloy anode was significantly improved. Through the comparison of three different solution-treated processes, it is found that the AZ91 magnesium alloy has the most vigorous activity and better discharge performance after solution-treated of 415 o C+12 h. In addition, the proportion and distribution of β-phase AZ91 magnesium alloy have a direct impact on its discharge performance as an anode material.

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Effects of Zn/Ca Alloying on the Second Phase, Corrosion Behavior, and Mg–Air Battery Anodic Performance of Mg–1Sn‐Based Alloys

Le,

Mao,

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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To improve the corrosion behavior and discharge performance of Mg‐1Sn‐based Mg‐air battery anodes, Zn/Ca alloying elements were added in the alloys to modify the type and morphology of the formed second phases. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the microstructure, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the phased formed. Immersion, electrochemistry techniques and Mg‐air battery test were used to characterized the corrosion and discharge performance of the alloys. The results indicated that the addition of Ca rather than Zn had better effects in improving the corrosion resistance and discharge performance of Mg‐1Sn‐based alloys. The second‐phase combination improved the corrosion resistance and electrochemical activity of Mg‐1Sn‐based alloys in the following order: Mg2Ca and CaMgSn phases (Mg‐1Sn‐1Ca alloy) > Ca2Mg6Zn3 and CaMgSn phases (Mg‐1Sn‐1Zn‐1Ca alloy) > the net‐shape Mg4Zn7+Mg2Sn phases (Mg‐1Sn‐1Zn alloy) > Mg2Sn phase (Mg‐1Sn alloy). In addition, Mg‐1Sn‐1Zn‐1Ca alloy exhibited the highest anodic efficiency, specific capacity and specific energy among four alloys, i.e., 54.3±2.4%, 1197.6 mA h g‐1 and 1366.1 mW h g‐1, respectively, at a current density of 20 mA cm‐2.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Hypoeutectic Mg–Zn binary alloys as anode materials for magnesium-air batteries

Cited by 51 publications

References 40 publications

Discharge Behavior and Mechanism of Solid-Solution-Treated Alloy Anodes for Magnesium–Air Batteries

Discharge Behavior and Mechanism of Solid-Solution-Treated Alloy Anodes for Magnesium–Air Batteries

Effect of Solution-treated on Electrochemical Properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy Anode

Effects of Zn/Ca Alloying on the Second Phase, Corrosion Behavior, and Mg–Air Battery Anodic Performance of Mg–1Sn‐Based Alloys

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