Hypogenic speleogenesis in quartzite: The case of Corona 'e Sa Craba Cave (SW Sardinia, Italy)

Sauro, Francesco; Waele, Jo Hilaire Agnes De; Onac, Bogdan P.; Galli, Ermanno; Dublyansky, Yuri; Baldoni, Eleonora; Sanna, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.12.031

Cited by 27 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Significant baryte deposits have been described in Monte Cucco (Forti et al, 1989), Frasassi (Perna, 1973), Cassano allo Ionio (Catalano et al, 2014), and Corona 'e sa Craba (Sauro et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) is situated in the SW part of Sardinia, develops in quartzites (Sauro et al, 2014) produced by silicification processes that involved Cambrian sediments (Padalino et al, 1973). Corona 'e sa Craba is a relative large hydrothermal cave hosting an interesting association of secondary minerals (Sauro et al, 2014).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Italy hosts ~25% of the known worldwide sulfuric acid caves (Galdenzi & Menichetti, 1995;De Waele et al, 2014;D'Angeli et al, 2016), located especially along the Apennine Chain, in the southeast Apulian foreland, in Sicily and in Sardinia. Generally, the H 2 S source is thought to be related to the deepseated upper Triassic evaporite unit called "Anidriti di Burano Formation (Fm.)"…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New insights on secondary minerals from Italian sulfuric acid caves

D’Angeli¹,

Carbone²,

Nagostinis³

et al. 2018

IJS

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Abstract:Sulfuric acid minerals are important clues to identify the speleogenetic phases of hypogene caves. Italy hosts ~25% of the known worldwide sulfuric acid speleogenetic (SAS) systems, including the famous well-studied Frasassi, Monte Cucco, and Acquasanta Terme caves. Nevertheless, other underground environments have been analyzed, and interesting mineralogical assemblages were found associated with peculiar geomorphological features such as cupolas, replacement pockets, feeders, sulfuric notches, and sub-horizontal levels.In this paper, we focused on 15 cave systems located along the Apennine Chain, in Apulia, in Sicily, and in Sardinia, where copious SAS minerals were observed. Some of the studied systems (e.g., Porretta Terme, Capo Palinuro, Cassano allo Ionio, Cerchiara di Calabria, Santa Cesarea Terme) are still active, and mainly used as spas for human treatments.The most interesting and diversified mineralogical associations have been documented in Monte Cucco (Umbria) and Cavallone-Bove (Abruzzo) caves, in which the common gypsum is associated with alunite-jarosite minerals, but also with baryte, celestine, fluorite, and authigenic rutile-ilmenite-titanite. In addition, the core of alunite and jarosite, from these two systems, results enriched in PO 4 3-, clearly suggesting hypogene hydrothermal origin. Santa Cesarea Terme, Capo Palinuro, and Acqua Mintina caves show important native sulfur deposits, which abundantly cover walls, ceilings, and speleothems. Abundant copiapite, pickeringite, tamarugite, hexahydrate assemblages have been observed in the Calabrian systems; their association with pyrite and hematite would suggest they formed in very acidic conditions with pH ranging between 0 and 4.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New insights on secondary minerals from Italian sulfuric acid caves

D’Angeli¹,

Carbone²,

Nagostinis³

et al. 2018

IJS

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“…A saída do grupo OH -e da NH 3 -resulta no colapso total da estrutura e consequentemente sua completa amorfização. A saída da molécula de NH 3 -, associada aos outros dados da pesquisa, revelaram a presença de esfeniscidita, a qual foi reportada pela primeira vez por Sauro et al (2014), seguido por Wurster et al (2015), porém em caverna quatzítica e em cavernas carbonáticas, respectivamente;…”

Section: Leucofosfita -Esfenisciditaunclassified

Contribuição Mineralógica Para O Estudo De Relevância De Cavernas Ferríferas Da Serra Norte, Carajás-Pa

Albuquerque

Paz

Gonçalves

et al. 2017

HOLOS

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A Província Mineral de Carajás representa uma das maiores províncias minerais do mundo e abriga o maior parque de cavernas em rochas ferríferas do Brasil.Por conta da intensa atividade de extração de minério de ferro em áreas cavernícolas, novas políticas de controle ambiental estão sendo implementadas para contrabalançar a atividade econômica com a preservação do patrimônio ambiental. Dessa maneira, a catalogação e a classificação do grau de relevância de cavernas passaram a ser critérios de licenciamento ambiental para atividades minerarias. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo investigar os espeleotemas fosfáticos de cavernas ferríferas de Carajás, com o intuito de detalhar seus constituintes minerais e contribuir com os estudos de suas relevâncias. Cinco cavernas de um platô da Serra de Carajás foram selecionadas para esse estudo. Os dados petrográficos e mineralógicos permitiram a identificação de quatro minerais fosfáticos: leucofosfita, esfeniscidita, strengita e fosfosiderita. A análise de calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC) foi essencial para distinguir dois grupos de fosfatos existentes: leucofosfita-esfeniscidita, com dois eventos endotérmicos, 323,4 e 400°C, atribuídos à remoção de OH e NH4, respectivamente, os quais são ausentes no grupo strengita-fosfosiderita. As análises químicas, óticas e de difração de raios X associadas às análises térmicas revelaram uma nova ocorrência de esfeniscidita em ambiente cavernícola, atestando a necessidade da preservação de duas cavernas da Serra Norte, Carajás.

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“…For instance, solubility of quartz at temperatures of 300-350 o C and pressures of 200-250 MPa becomes comparable to that of gypsum or anhydrite in near-surface conditions (Ezhov et al 1992). Some large caves in quartzites have been recently shown to be of deep-seated hypogenic origin (Sauro et al 2014).…”

Section: Which Attributes Of Karst Are Essential?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Karst Paradigm: Changes, Trends and Perspectives

Klimchouk

2016

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UDC 551.435.8 Alexander Klimchouk: The karst paradigm: changes, trends and perspectives The paper examines representative definitions of karst (21), and discusses some concepts that influenced the modern understanding of the phenomenon. Several trends are discussed that took karst science beyond the limits of the traditional paradigm of karst. Dramatic progress in studies of speleogenesis plays the most significant role in changes taking place in the general understanding of karst. Also important is an adoption of the broad perspective to karst evolution which goes beyond the contemporary geomorphologic epoch and encompasses the entire life of a geological formation. Speleogenesis is viewed as a dynamic hydrogeological process of self-organization of the permeability structure in soluble rocks, a mechanism of the specific evolution of the groundwater flow system. The result is that these systems acquire a new, "karstic", quality and more complex organization. Since almost all essential attributes of karst owe their origin to speleogenesis, the latter is considered as the primary mechanism of the formation of karst. Two fundamental types of speleogenesis, hypogene and epigene, differentiate mainly due to distinct hydrodynamic characteristics of the respective groundwater flow systems: (1) of layered aquifer systems and fracture-vein flow systems of varying depths and degrees of confinement, and (2) of hydrodynamically open, near-surface unconfined systems. Accordingly, two major genetic types of karst are distinguished: hypogene and epigene. They differ in many characteristics, notably in relationships with the surface, hydrogeological behaviour, groundwater quality, and the areas of practical importance and approaches to solving karst-related issues. Although views on essential attributes of karst have been clearly changing, this was not reflected in definitions of the notion which are in broad use in the earth-science literature. A refined approach is suggested to the notion of karst in which it is viewed as a groundwater (fluid) flow system of a specific kind, which has acquired its peculiar properties in the course of speleogenesis. Keywords: karst, definition of karst, speleogenesis, karst geosystem, karst evolution. IzvlečekUDK 551.435.8 Alexander Klimchouk: Kraška paradigma: spremembe, tre ndi in perspektive Dokument obravnava reprezentativne definicije krasa (21) in obravnava nekatere koncepte, ki so vplivali na sodobno razumevanje tega pojava. Razpravlja o več trendih, ki so popeljali krasoslovje preko meja tradicionalne paradigme krasa. Dramatični napredek v speleogenetskih raziskavah je igral najpomembnejšo vlogo pri spremembah, ki so se zgodile pri splošnem razumevanju krasa. Prav tako je za razvoj krasoslovja pomembno sprejetje široke perspektive, ki presega sodobno geomorfološko epoho in zajema celoten geološki razvoj. Speleogeneza je predstavljena kot dinamični hidrogeološki proces samoorganizacije stopnje prepustnosti posameznih struktur v topnih kamninah, to je kot mehanizem specifičnega ...

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Hypogenic speleogenesis in quartzite: The case of Corona 'e Sa Craba Cave (SW Sardinia, Italy)

Cited by 27 publications

References 52 publications

New insights on secondary minerals from Italian sulfuric acid caves

New insights on secondary minerals from Italian sulfuric acid caves

Contribuição Mineralógica Para O Estudo De Relevância De Cavernas Ferríferas Da Serra Norte, Carajás-Pa

The Karst Paradigm: Changes, Trends and Perspectives

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